Pavel Jelic Pamusangano wegore rino wekuvandudza WWDC22, takaona zvishoma zvitsva. Sezvaitarisirwa, Apple yakauya nemasisitimu matsva ari muchimiro cheIOS uye iPadOS 16, macOS 13 Ventura uye watchOS 9, asi nekuwedzera, takaona kuunzwa kweiyo M2 chip itsva, iyo Apple yakaiswa mu13 ″ MacBook Pro uye yakanyatsogadziridzwa MacBook Air. Muchikamu chino, isu tichatarisa iyo itsva M2 chip uye kukuudza 7 zvinhu zvaunofanira kuziva nezvazvo.
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Iye SoC
Vanhu vakawanda pavanofunga nezvekombiyuta, vanofunga nezvemuviri unogara zvinhu zvishomanana zvinokosha: processor (CPU), graphics accelerator (GPU), memory (RAM), uye kuchengetedza. Zvese izvi zvikamu zvinozobatanidzwa kuburikidza neiyo mamaboard uye kuumba yakazara. Nekudaro, izvi hazvishande kune zvishandiso zvine Apple Silicon machipisi, sezvo ari anonzi masisitimu pane chip, i.e. System-on-Chip (SoC). Kunyanya, izvi zvinoreva kuti ingangoita komputa yese iri pane imwechete chip - kana iri Apple Silicon, ndiyo CPU, GPU uye yakabatana ndangariro, saka imwe chete yekuchengetera iri kunze kwemubvunzo.
Nhamba yemacores
Kana iwe uchifarira zviri kuitika munyika yeApple, unogona kunge waona yekutanga Apple Silicon chip yakanyorwa M1. Iyo M2 nyowani inotsiva yakananga kune iyi chip uye inotarisirwa kuuya nekuvandudzwa kwakati. Kana ari maCPU cores, iyo M2 inopa huwandu hwe8, senge M1 chip. Nekudaro, isu tinogona kuona mutsauko muGPU - pano iyo M2 ine angave masere cores kana gumi cores, nepo M8 ine "chete" 10 cores (kana 1 cores mune yakakosha MacBook Air M8). Mundima yeCPU, iyo M7 chip yakavandudzwa ne1% kana ichienzaniswa neM2, uye mumunda weGPU inosvika makumi matatu neshanu muzana.
Iyo itsva MacBook Air ine M2 chip
Kukura kwakabatana ndangariro
Pane peji yapfuura, takati iyo M2 inonyanya kupa GPU ine simba inosvika gumi. Chokwadi ndechekuti takaona chimwe chinhu chakafanana nendangariro dzakabatana. Iine M10 chip, vashandisi vaigona kungosarudza kubva kune maviri akasiyana - iwo ekutanga 1 GB uye pamwe 8 GB kune vakawanda vanoda vashandisi. Nekudaro, iyi 16 GB inogona kunge isina kukwana kune vamwe vashandisi, saka Apple yakauya neiyo yepamusoro-ye-iyo-mutsara memory musiyano ine huwandu hwe16 GB yeM2 chip. Vashandisi vane zvishandiso zvine M24 vane sarudzo yematatu akasiyana eunifomu ndangariro uye nekudaro kunyange vanhu vanonyanya kudiwa vachawana nzira yavo.
Memory throughput
Iyo bandwidth yaro zvakare yakanangana neiyo yakabatana ndangariro, inova yakakosha nhamba. Memory throughput inonyatsoratidza kuti ingani data pasekondi imwe ndangariro inogona kushanda nayo. Nepo iyo M1 chip yaive ye70 GB / s, muchiitiko cheM2 ndangariro pakanga paine kuwedzera kwakanyanya kusvika ku100 GB / s, iyo inovimbisa kunyangwe nekukurumidza kushanda.
Nhamba ye transistors
Transistors chikamu chakakosha chechero chip, uye kungotaura, nhamba yavo inogona kushandiswa kuona kuti yakaoma sei imwe chip. Kunyanya, iyo M2 chip ine 20 bhiriyoni transistors, nepo M1 chip ine zvishoma zvishoma, iyo mabhiriyoni gumi nematanhatu. Makumi mashoma emakore apfuura, pamusoro pehuwandu hwema transistors, Mutemo waMoore wakagadzwa, uyo unoti “nhamba ye transistors inogona kuiswa padunhu rakabatanidzwa ichapeta kaviri mwedzi yese ye18 uchichengeta mutengo wakafanana". Parizvino, zvisinei, mutemo uyu hauchashandi, sezvo nekufamba kwenguva kuwedzera kwenhamba ye transistors mumachipisi inowedzera uye yakaoma.
Manufacturing process
Chimwe chikamu chakakosha cheruzivo chine chekuita kwete chete kune chip, asi kunyanya kune yayo transistors, ndiyo nzira yekugadzira. Izvi zvino zvinopihwa mumananometers uye zvinotarisa kureba pakati pezvinhu zviviri pane chip, mune iyi kesi pakati pemagetsi emagetsi muma transistors. Iyo diki nzira yekugadzira, zviri nani nzvimbo pane imwe chip inoshandiswa (magapu madiki). Iyo M1 chip inogadzirwa uchishandisa 5nm yekugadzira maitiro, senge M2. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa, zvisinei, kuti iyo itsva M2 chip inoshandisa yechipiri-chizvarwa 5nm kugadzira maitiro, ayo ari nani zvishoma pane yekutanga chizvarwa. Kune anotevera machipisi, isu tinofanirwa kumirira kuendeswa kweiyo 3nm yekugadzira maitiro, saka tichaona kana ichizobudirira.
Media injini
Chinhu chekupedzisira chaunofanirwa kuziva nezve M2 chip ndechekuti ine midhiya injini iyo yapfuura M1 chip yaisagona kuzvirumbidza nayo uye chete M1 Pro, Max uye Ultra machipisi anawo. Injini yenhau ichanyanya kufarirwa nevanhu vanoshanda nevhidhiyo paMac, i.e. izvo zvavanogadzirisa, kucheka uye kupa vhidhiyo. Iyo midhiya injini inogona kukwirisa zvirinani basa nevhidhiyo uye nekumhanyisa zvakanyanya iyo yekupedzisira kupa. Kunyanya, injini yenhau muApple Silicon chips inotsigira hardware kukurumidza kweH.264, HEVC, ProRes uye ProRes RAW codecs.
