Thomas Chlebek Iyo inotevera vhezheni yekushandisa system yeMacs iri kutaurwa nezvayo seOS X ine zita rekuti 10.12. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvisinei, kwave kune fungidziro dzekuti inogona kuve nezviratidzo zvitsva.
Nhasi, vanhu vazhinji havatomboziva kuti OS X inofanirwa kutaura kune yechigumi vhezheni (X seyechiRoma gumi) yehurongwa hwekushandisa hweMacs. Yayo yekutanga shanduro yakabudiswa muna 1984 paMacintosh kombiyuta uye yakatumidzwa se "System". Nekuburitswa kwevhezheni 7.6 chete ndiro zita rekuti "Mac OS" rakagadzirwa. Iri zita rakaunzwa mushure mekunge Apple yatanga kupa rezinesi sisitimu yayo kune yechitatu-bato vanogadzira makomputa zvakare, kuitira kuti inyatso kusiyanisa yayo yekushandisa kubva kune vamwe.
Muna 2001, Mac OS 9 yakateverwa neMac OS X. Nayo, Apple yakaedza kushandura zvakanyanya kombiyuta yayo yekushandisa system. Yakabatanidza matekinoroji eshanduro dzakapfuura dzeMac OS neNEXTSTEP system yekushandisa, yaive chikamu chekutenga kwaMabasa kweNeXT muna 1996.
Kuburikidza neNXSTSTEP, Mac OS yakawana hwaro hweUnix, uhwo hunoratidzwa neshanduko kubva kunhamba dzechiArab kuenda kunhamba dzechiRoma. Pamusoro pekuchinja kwakakosha kune musimboti weiyo system, OS X yakaunzawo yazvino mushandisi interface inonzi Aqua, iyo yakatsiva yekutanga Platinum.
Kubva ipapo, Apple yakaunza chete decimal shanduro yeMac OS X. Zvakanyanya kukosha kuchinja mazita kwakaitika muna 2012, apo Mac OS X yakava OS X chete, uye muna 2013, apo katsi hombe mumazita eshanduro yakatsiva nzvimbo dzeUS. yeCalifornia. Nekudaro, shanduko idzi dzakajeka hadzina kuperekedzwa nechero shanduko huru muhurongwa pachayo.
Shanduko huru dzakashumwa pakati pe "System 1" ne "Mac OS 9" senge switch kune mamwe mafaera masisitimu kana kuwedzera kwemultitasking, uye pakati pe "Mac OS 9" ne "Mac OS X" pane misiyano yakakura munheyo chaidzo. Izvi zvakakurudzirwa nenyaya yekuti shanduro dzekare dzeApple's masisitimu ekushandisa dzaive dzisina kukwana tekinoroji maererano nezvinodiwa nemushandisi.
Zvingave zvisina hungwaru kufunga kuti shanduko yakakosha mukati meiyo system yekushanda haizoitike zvakare munhoroondo yeApple's komputa inoshanda masisitimu, asi pamwe zvine musoro kusazvitarisira mumakore anotevera. OS X yakaponawo shanduko kubva kuPowerPC processors kuenda kuIntel muna 2005, kupera kwesystem kuenderana nePowerPC processors muna 2009, uye kupera kwe32-bit architecture rutsigiro muna 2011.
Saka kubva kune tekinoroji yekukurudzira maonero, zvinoita sekunge zvisingaite kuti "yegumi neimwe" vhezheni yesystem yeMacs iri kuuya chero nguva munguva pfupi. Mamiriro emushandisi akachinjawo kakawanda, kakawanda zvakanyanya, kubva pavhezheni yekutanga yeOS X, asi haina kumbobvira yakurudzira shanduko kune kunyorwa kutsva.
Parizvino, zvinoita sekunge Apple's komputa inoshanda system ikamira kunzi OS X, hazvizove nekuda kwekuchinja kwehunyanzvi hwayo kana chitarisiko.
Semuenzaniso, shanduko yakataurwa mukupihwa mazita eshanduro dzayo, pakachinjirwa mhuka hombe kunzvimbo dzeCalifornia, inotaura zvinopesana nekushanduka kuri kuitika kubva kuOS X kuenda kune chimwe chinhu. Craig Federighi, mukuru weApple software, ari kuunza OS X Mavericks akataura, kuti iyo itsva OS X vhezheni yekupa zita system inofanirwa kugara mamwe makore gumi.
Kune rimwe divi, pave paine mishumo miviri nguva pfupi yadarika inogona kuratidza kuti OS X ichachinja kuita macOS.
Blogger John Gruber pamwe hurukuro mushure mekuiswa kweApple Watch, akabvunza Phil Schiller, mukuru weApple wekutengesa, nezvezita rewachi inoshanda system, watchOS. Aisafarira vara diki panotangira zita. Schiller kwaari akapindura, kuti maererano naye inoshanda chaizvo uye kuti Gruber anofanira kumirira mamwe mazita achauya mune ramangwana uye ayo ave ari tsime remanzwiro akawanda muApple.
Mune ramangwana, maererano naSchiller, zvisarudzo zvakafanana zvicharatidza kuva zvechokwadi. watchOS yakatumidzwa zita rekiyi yakafanana neIOS, uye hafu yegore gare gare Apple yakaunza imwe sisitimu yekushandisa, panguva ino yechizvarwa chechina Apple TV, inonzi tvOS.
Chirevo chechipiri chakaonekwa mukupera kwaKurume gore rino, apo mugadziri Guilherme Rambo akawana zita rekuti "macOS" muzita reimwe system faira, yaive ine zita rakasiyana mumavhezheni apfuura ehurongwa. Chirevo chepakutanga chakataura kuti shanduko yakaitika pakati peshanduro 10.11.3 uye 10.11.4, asi zvakazoitika kuti faira rimwe chete, rine zita rakafanana riripowo pamakomputa anomhanyisa vhezheni yekare yeOS X, ine zuva rekugadzira raNyamavhuvhu 2015.
Zvakare kupokana nekukoshera kweiyi chirevo pakupa zita reApple komputa inoshanda sisitimu yaive dudziro yezita, maererano nekuti "macOS" inowanzoshandiswa nevagadziri kuti zvive nyore kufamba pakati pemapuratifomu eApple anotumidzwa zita rekiyi imwechete. .
Kunyangwe paine humbowo hweizvi kana kwete, kana "OS X" zita raizofa, raizonyanya kudaro richifarira zita re "macOS" rakapihwa mamwe masisitimu. Nekudaro, zvichiri chokwadi kuti iyo chete yekukurudzira iri pamutemo ikozvino inoita kunge iri nyore kubatsira, kana kuwirirana kukuru mukudoma mazita eApple's system.
Blogger uye mugadziri Andrew Ambrosino anosimbisa pfungwa iyi muchinyorwa chake "macOS: Inguva yekutora danho rinotevera". Munhanganyaya, anonyora kuti mushure memakore gumi nemashanu ekushanduka kweOS X yave nguva yechimurenga muchimiro cheMacOS, asi anobva aburitsa pfungwa ine akati wandei mazano akakosha, asi mukuita anoratidza sezvidiki, zvigadziriso zvekushongedza. kune yazvino fomu yeOS X El Capitan.
Iwo matatu ekutanga mazano epfungwa yake ndeaya: kuchinjika kwese Apple inoshanda masisitimu, hurongwa hutsva hwekuronga nekushanda nemafaira uye kusimbisa hukama hwemagariro ehurongwa.
Kushandura ese maApple masisitimu anoshanda kunofanirwa kureva kuunza macOS padhuze kune vamwe, iyo inotogovera iyo yekutanga sosi kodhi, pamusoro payo pane zvinhu zvakajairwa papuratifomu yakapihwa uye mushandisi interface yakagadziridzwa yemhando yekutanga yekudyidzana neiyo yakapihwa system. KuAmbrosino, izvi zvinoreva kushandiswa kwakafanana kwe "Back to Mac" zano rakatanga kuoneka muOS X mushanduro yeShumba. macOS yaizowana ese maapplication akagadzirwa neApple iOS, akadai seNhau uye Hutano.
Pfungwa yeAmbrosin yeimwe nzira inopindirana yekushanda nemafaira, yakatarisana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano zvemushandisi, inotorwa kubva kuUthere company. Izvi zvinobvisa iyo hierarchical organisation yemafaira mumaforodha mumatanho mazhinji. Pane kudaro, inochengeta mafaera ese mune imwe "folder" uye yobva yafamba nemairi uchishandisa mafirita. Iwo akanyanya mafoto nemavhidhiyo, mimhanzi uye zvinyorwa. Kuwedzera kwavari, izvo zvinonzi "Loops" zvinogona kugadzirwa, izvo zvinonyanya tags - mapoka emafaira akagadzirwa maererano nezvimwe zvakatemwa, zvakatemwa nemushandisi.
Kubatsira kwegadziriro iyi kunofanirwa kuve sangano rakagadziridzwa zviri nani kune nzira yatinoshanda nayo nemafaira, umo faira imwe inogona kunge iri mumapoka akati wandei, semuenzaniso, asi inongova kamwe chete mukuchengetedza. Nekudaro, iyezvino Finder anogona kuita zvakafanana, chaizvo kuburikidza nema tag. Chinhu chega icho pfungwa yeUthere yaizochinja kungave kugona kuchengeta mafaera zvine mutsindo pasina kuwedzera chero mamwe.
Pfungwa yechitatu iyo Ambrosino anotsanangura munyaya yake ndiyo inonyanya kufadza. Inoda kubatanidzwa kuri nani kwekudyidzana munharaunda, iyo yazvino fomu yeOS X isingakurudzire zvakanyanya. Mukuita, izvi zvinonyanya kuratidzwa ne "Chiitiko" tab mune yega yega application, apo chiitiko cheshamwari dzemushandisi chakapihwa chakabatana nechikumbiro chakapihwa chaizoratidzwa, uye fomu nyowani ye "Contacts" application, iyo yaizoratidza zvese. chiitiko chine chekuita nekombuta yemushandisi akapihwa kumunhu wega (e-e-mail hurukuro, akagovaniswa mafaera, mafoto maalbum, nezvimwewo). Nekudaro, kunyangwe izvi hazvingave zvakakoshesesa hunyanzvi pane zvakaonekwa pakati pechigumi shanduro yeOS X.
OS X inoita kunge yapinda muchikamu chisinganzwisisike. Kune rimwe divi, zita rayo harienderane nemamwe ese maApple masisitimu anoshanda, anoshanda ari pamusoro peayo mafoni neTV, uye panguva imwechete inoshaya zvimwe zvezvinhu zvavo. Yayo mushandisi ruzivo zvakare yakati siyanei kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe maApple anoshanda masisitimu munzira dzakati wandei.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, iko iko kumaka kwakasimbiswa uye kusikwa kwayo kwakabatana neshanduko yakakosha zvekuti inogona kutaurwa nezvayo kwete seyegumi vhezheni yeMac OS, asi seimwe nguva yeMac OS. Inenge nguva yekuti "decimalness" inokonzerwa zvakanyanya nenhamba yegumi yechiRoma pane kuti "X" muzita inonongedza kune Unix base.
Mubvunzo wakakosha unoita kunge wekuti Mac inoshanda sisitimu ichaswedera padyo kana kure kure neIOS nevamwe. Zvechokwadi, hazvidikanwi kusarudza chete pakati pezviviri izvi zvingasarudzwa, uye chinhu chinonyanya kuitika chingave kutarisira rumwe rudzi rwekubatana kwavo, izvo zviri kuitika ikozvino. iOS iri kuramba ichiwedzera kugona, uye OS X iri zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvechokwadi kutora maficha eIOS.
Mukupedzisira, zvine mufungo wakawanda kuvavarira zvigadzirwa zvakaita sePadad Air neMacBook kune vashandisi vane zvikumbiro zvakaderera, iPad Pro neMacBook Air kune varipakati-inoda vashandisi, uye MacBook Pro, iMac uye Mac Pro pane zvakanyanya kudiwa uye kunyangwe nyanzvi. . Iyo iPad Air uye Pro uye MacBooks uye MacBook Airs inogona kuwedzera kusanganisa kugadzira zvakaringana kunyange spectrum zvekugona kubva zvine mwero kusvika kune yepamusoro soro.
Kunyangwe dudziro yakadaro, zvisinei, haiteveri kubva kune yazvino mamiriro eApple software uye hardware inopa, sezvo inowanzoita senge inogadzira inowedzera kugona uye pamwe ine simba zvisina kufanira zvigadzirwa zveavhareji mutengi, uye neimwe nzira inokanganwa zvinodiwa nenyanzvi dzechokwadi. Pakuratidzwa kwekupedzisira kwechigadzirwa pakupera kwaKurume, iyo iPad Pro yakataurwa nezvayo semudziyo unomiririra ramangwana rekombuta nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hwekuita. Iyo 12-inch MacBook inotaurwawo nezvayo sechiono cheramangwana rekombuta, asi parizvino ndiyo komputa ine simba shoma yeApple. Asi pamwe iyi ikurukurirano yakati siyanei pane yaimbove musoro wechinyorwa chino.
Kana tikadzokera kumubvunzo wezvichaitika pakupihwa zita reOS X, tinoona kuti izvi zvese zvingangoita banal uye ingangove musoro wakaoma. Zvakajeka, zvisinei, kuti sisitimu iri kuseri kwezita ichiri pakati penhaurirano ine chekuita neApple, uye tinogona kufungidzira nezveramangwana rayo, asi isu hatifanire (pamwe) kusanetseka.
Maita basa nechinyorwa chakanaka?
Ndinovimba chaizvo kuti iyi vhezheni ichaunza iyo yakavimbiswa kuwedzera mukukurumidza kwehurongwa, nekuti kana chero chinhu El Capitan chakatadza, ndizvozvo.
Ndinoshuva kuti vaizodzorera hurongwa kune kugadzikana kwayo kwepakutanga uye nekukurumidza ... Pane kudaro tine shanduro itsva uye itsva yehutano husina kunaka gore negore.
Chinyorwa chakanaka kwazvo uye ndatenda nazvo.
Pamwe MacBook iri kutaurwa nezvayo sekombuta yeramangwana chaizvo nekuti ndiyo inononoka… asi haungazvizivi kubasa. Ndinoziva, zvinonzwika separadoxical. Ndiyo komputa yekutanga kwandisina basa nezvehunyanzvi parameter nhamba. Ndakatsiva 13 MacBookPro nayo uye wow - haina kunonoka kupfuura ivo. Apple inoda kuti tekinoroji yayo ionekwe kuburikidza neprism yekugadzira uye chimiro, kwete nhamba uye tekinoroji.
Iyo *inononoka muhupenyu chaihwo.
Wati chii chaizvo? Maererano newe, chirevo chechipiri chinoramba chirevo chekutanga. Mamwe maratidziro emukati haasi mucherechedzo wekuyera kumhanya kwekombuta...
Chinyorwa chakanaka, hapana chikonzero chekutaura pane zviri mukati, zvese zvapindurwa.
Chinyorwa chikuru! Ndatenda
"Shanduko kubva kunhamba dzechiLatin kuenda kunhamba dzechiRoma zvinorevei" ??
Unogona kunge waireva shanduko kubva kunhamba dzechiArabic kuenda kunhamba dzechiRoman.
Zvakanaka, handina kuziva kuti tine alphabet yechiLatin, asi nhamba dzechiArabic :-) Ndatenda nechiyeuchidzo, chakagadziriswa.
Kamwe zvakare chinyorwa apo mumwe munhu akafunga nezvazvo uye haana kungochikopa, setsika yanhasi, kunyanya nemakwikwi. Ndatenda.