Daniel Hruska Muna 2010, Steve Jobs akazvikudza akapa iPhone 4. Mukuwedzera kune dhizaini itsva zvachose, yakaunza kusarudzwa kusati kwamboitika mufoni. Munzvimbo ine diagonal ye3,5 ″ (8,89 cm), Apple, kana kuti mupi wekuratidzira, akakwanisa kukwana matrix emapikseli ane zviyero zve640 × 960 uye kuwanda kwechiratidziro ichi 326 PPI (pixels per inch) . Ko kuratidzwa kwakanaka kuri kuuya kuMacs futi?
Kutanga, ngatitsanangure izwi rekuti "Retina kuratidza". Vazhinji vanofunga kuti iyi ingori imwe mhando yekushambadzira iyo Apple yakangogadzira. Hongu uye kwete. Yakakwirira-resolution maratidziro aive pano kunyange pamberi peiyo iPhone 4, asi iwo akange asina kushandiswa munharaunda yevatengi. Semuyenzaniso, maratidziro anoshandiswa muradiology nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekurapa, uko chaizvo dot rega rega uye ruzivo rwechifananidzo, rinowana zvinoremekedzeka pixel densities muhuwandu. 508 kusvika 750 PPI. Aya makoshero anotenderera pamuganho wekuona kwevanhu mune "akapinza" vanhu, izvo zvinobvumira izvi zvinoratidzwa kuti zvionekwe se Chikoro I i.e. 1st kirasi inoratidza. Mutengo wekugadzira wemapanera akadaro wakanyanya kukwirira, saka isu zvirokwazvo hatizovaoni mumagetsi evatengi kwenguva yakati.
Kudzokera ku iPhone 4, iwe ucharangarira zvakataurwa naApple: "Retina yemunhu haikwanise kusiyanisa mapikseli ega ega pane densities pamusoro pe300 PPI." Masvondo mashoma apfuura, yechitatu-chizvarwa iPad yakaunzwa nekaviri gadziriso yekuratidzira ichienzaniswa nezvizvarwa zvakapfuura. Iyo yepakutanga 768 × 1024 yakawedzerwa kusvika 1536 × 2048. Kana tikafunga nezve diagonal size ye 9,7 ″ (22,89 cm), tinowana density ye264 PPI. Nekudaro, Apple inorevawo kuratidzwa uku seRetina. Izvi zvinogoneka sei apo makore maviri apfuura akataura kuti density pamusoro pe300 PPI yaidiwa? Simply. Iyo 300 PPI inongoshanda kune mbozhanhare kana midziyo inobatwa pachinhambwe chimwe chete kubva paretina senharembozha. Kazhinji, vanhu vanobata iPad zvishoma kure nemeso avo kupfuura iyo iPhone.
Dai taizogadzirisa tsananguro ye "Retina" neimwe nzira, yaizonzwika seizvi:"Kuratidza retina kuratidza uko vashandisi vasingakwanisi kusiyanisa mapikisi ega." Sezvatinoziva tose, tinotarisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoratidzwa kubva kure kwakasiyana. Isu tine hombe desktop yekutarisa yakaisa makumi emasentimita kure kubva mumusoro medu, saka 300 PPI haidiwi kunyengedza maziso edu. Nenzira imwecheteyo, MacBooks anorara patafura kana pamakumbo zvishoma padyo nemeso pane mamonitor makuru. Tinogonawo kufunga terevhizheni nemimwe michina nenzira yakafanana. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti chikamu chega chega chezviratidziro zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwavo chinofanira kunge chine imwe pixel density muganho. Iyo chete parameter inofanirwa mumwe munhu kuziva, ingori chinhambwe kubva pameso kuenda kuchiratidziro. Kana iwe wakatarisa iyo yakakosha yekuvhurwa kweiyo iPad nyowani, unogona kunge wakabata tsananguro pfupi kubva kuna Phil Schiller.
Sezvingaonekwa, 300 PPI inokwana iPhone inobatwa chinhambwe che10 ″ (approx. 25 cm) uye 264 PPI yePadad iri chinhambwe che15″ (approx. 38 cm). Kana aya madaro akacherechedzwa, mapixels eiyo iPhone nePadad anenge akaenzana saizi kubva pakuona kweanocherekedza (kana diki kune isingaonekwe). Tinogonawo kuona chiitiko chakafanana mumasikirwo. Hapana chimwe kunze kwekuora kwezuva. Mwedzi mudiki zvakapetwa ka400 mudhayamita pane Zuva, asi panguva imwe cheteyo uri pedyo nePasi kakapetwa ka400. Pakuora kwezuva kuzere, Mwedzi unongovhara nzvimbo yese inooneka yeZuva. Pasina imwe maonero, tinogona kufunga kuti miviri iyi miviri yakaenzana. Nekudaro, ini ndatosiyana kubva kumagetsi, asi pamwe uyu muenzaniso wakakubatsira kuti unzwisise nyaya - kure kure.
TUAW's Richard Gaywood akamhanyisa kuverenga kwake, achishandisa iyo yakafanana yemasvomhu fomula sepamufananidzo kubva pakiyi. Kunyangwe akafungidzira madaro ekuona iye pachake (11 ″ ye iPhone uye 16 ″ ye iPad), chokwadi ichi hachina mhedzisiro pamhedzisiro. Asi izvo zvinogona kufungidzira nezve chinhambwe chemaziso kubva pahombe yepamusoro ye27-inch iMac. Wese munhu anogadzirisa nzvimbo yavo yebasa kune zvavanoda, uye zvakafanana ndezvechokwadi nezve chinhambwe kubva pamonitor. Inofanira kunge iine kureba kweruoko, asi zvakare - murume wechidiki wemamita maviri ane ruoko rwakareba kupfuura mukadzi mudiki. Mune tafura iri pazasi ndima iyi, ndakasimbisa mitsara ine kukosha kweiyo 27-inch iMac, kwaunogona kuona zvakajeka kuti kureba kunoita basa. Munhu haagari akatwasuka pachigaro zuva rose pakombiyuta, asi anofarira kusendama gokora rake patafura, izvo zvinoisa musoro wake pachinhambwe chiduku kubva pachiratidziro.
Chii chinogona kuverengwa zvakare kubva patafura iri pamusoro? Kuti anenge ese maapuro makomputa haana kushata kunyangwe nhasi. Semuenzaniso, kuratidzwa kwe 17-inch MacBook Pro inogona kutsanangurwa se "retina" pachinhambwe chekutarisa che66 cm. Asi isu tichatora iMac ine 27 ″ skrini kune show zvakare. Muchirevo, zvingave zvakakwana chete kuwedzera kugadzirisa kusvika pasi pe 3200 × 2000, iyo inogona kunge iri kufambira mberi, asi kubva pakuona kwekutengesa, haisi "WOW effect". Saizvozvo, MacBook Air inoratidzira yaisazoda kuwedzera kwakakosha muhuwandu hwema pixels.
Ipapo pane imwezve ingangoita gakava sarudzo - kaviri resolution. Yakapfuura ne iPhone, iPod touch, uye munguva pfupi yapfuura iyo iPad. Ungade here iyo 13-inch MacBook Air uye Pro ine 2560 x 1600 kuratidza resolution? Zvese zvinhu zveGUI zvaizoramba zvakaenzana, asi zvaizoitwa zvinoyevedza. Ko iMacs ine 3840 x 2160 uye 5120 x 2800 resolution? Izvozvo zvinonzwika sezviyedzo zvikuru, handizvo here? Kumhanya uye kushanda kwemakombuta anhasi kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera. Kubatana kweInternet (kunenge kumba) kunosvika makumi kusvika kumazana emamegabits. MaSSD ari kutanga kutamisa madhiraivha akaomarara, nekudaro achikurumidza kuwedzera kuterera kweiyo inoshanda sisitimu uye maapplication. Uye zviratidzo? Kunze kwekushandiswa kwematekinoroji matsva, kugadzirisa kwavo kunoramba kwakafanana kwemakore mazhinji. Vanhu vakatongerwa kutarisa mufananidzo wecheki zvachose? Kwete. Takatokwanisa kupedza chirwere ichi munharembozha. Zvine musoro zvino anofanira Laptop uye desktop makomputa anouyawo anotevera.
Pamberi pemunhu apikisa kuti izvi hazvina maturo uye zvigadziriso zvemazuva ano zvakakwana zvakakwana - hazvisi. Dai isu sevanhu taigutsikana nemamiriro aita zvinhu, pamwe tingadai tisina kana kubuda mumapako. Pane nguva dzose nzvimbo yekuvandudza. Ini ndinorangarira zvakajeka maitiro mushure mekutangwa kweiyo iPhone 4, semuenzaniso: "Sei ndichida sarudzo mufoni yangu mbozha, asi mufananidzo unotaridzika zvirinani?" Uye ndiyo pfungwa. Ita mapixels asingaonekwe uye uunze iyo skrini padhuze nenyika chaiyo. Ndizvo zviri kuitika pano. Mufananidzo wakatsetseka unotaridzika zvakanyanya kufadza uye zvakasikwa kumaziso edu.
Chii chinoshaikwa kubva kuApple kuunza maratidziro akanaka? Chokutanga pane zvose, mapepa pachawo. Kugadzira zviratidziro zvine resolution dze2560 x 1600, 3840 x 2160 kana 5120 x 2800 harisi dambudziko mazuva ano. Mubvunzo unoramba uripo kuti mari yavo yekugadzira ndeyei uye kuti zvingave zvakakodzera here kuti Apple iise mapaneru anodhura kudaro gore rino. Chizvarwa chitsva chevagadziri Ive Bridge yatove yakagadzirira kuratidzwa nechisarudzo che 2560 × 1600. Apple inotova nesimba rinodiwa kuti rishandise zviratidzo zve retina, kunyanya kusvika kuMacBooks.
Nekugadziriswa kaviri, tinogona kutora kaviri simba rekushandisa, senge iPad nyowani. MacBooks anga achizvikudza kwakasimba kwakasimba kwemakore mazhinji, uye Apple zvirokwazvo haizoregi ropafadzo iyi mune ramangwana. Mhinduro ndeyokugara uchideredza kushandiswa kwezvikamu zvemukati, asi zvinonyanya kukosha - kuwedzera simba rebheteri. Dambudziko iri rinoratidzikawo kugadziriswa. Iyo itsva iPad inosanganisira bhatiri, iyo ine humiro hwemuviri hwakafanana neiyo iPad 2 bhatiri uye ine 70% yepamusoro kugona. Zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti Apple ichadawo kuigovera mune mamwe nharembozha.
Isu tatova nehardware inodiwa, ko nezve software? Kuti zvikumbiro zvitaridzike zvirinani pazvisarudzo zvepamusoro, zvinofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvishoma. Mwedzi mishoma yapfuura, Xcode uye OS X Shumba beta shanduro dzakaratidza zviratidzo zvekusvika kweretina kuratidza. Muhwindo rehurukuro rakareruka, akaenda kunovhura iyo inonzi "HiDPI mode", iyo yakapetwa kaviri kugadzirisa. Ehe, mushandisi haakwanise kuona chero shanduko pazviratidziro zvazvino, asi mukana uyu unoratidza kuti Apple iri kuyedza MacBook prototypes ine retina kuratidza. Zvino, hongu, ivo vanogadzira vechitatu-bato maapplication ivo pachavo vanofanirwa kuuya uye nekuwedzera kugadzirisa mabasa avo.
Unofungei pamusoro pezviratidziro zvakanaka? Ini pachangu ndinotenda kuti nguva yavo ichasvika. Gore rino, ndaigona kufungidzira MacBook Air uye Pro nechisarudzo che 2560 x 1600. Kwete chete ivo vachava nyore kugadzira kupfuura 27-inch monsters, asi zvinonyanya kukosha ivo vanoita chikamu chikuru cheApple makombiyuta akatengeswa. MacBooks ane retina kuratidza aizomiririra kusvetuka kukuru pamberi pemakwikwi. Kutaura zvazviri, vaizova vasingakundiki zvachose kwenguva yakati.
Chinyorwa chikuru chose! Kubva pandakawana iyo iPhone 4, zvave zvichirwadza kutarisa iwo gross rasters. PaMacBook yangu, 1280x800 inosiririsa. Kana ndine vhiri rekuzivisa maemail kana zvigadziriso muchitoro cheapp pachiteshi, handisi kunyatsoona kuti i nhamba yerudzii - nhamba "4" inogadzirwa negumi pixels hainyatso zivikanwa. Retina inoratidza paMacBooks ichave yakakura uye, pamusoro pezvose, kufambira mberi kwakakosha, izvo zvandiri kunyatso kumirira.
Ndinobvuma chose. Pane yangu 24 ″ yekutarisisa ine FullHD resolution, iwo mabheji zvakare ane sketchy uye dzimwe nguva ndinofanira kufungidzira iyo nhamba.
"Iyo iPad itsva ine bhatiri rinenge rakafanana mativi emuviri ..." hakufanirwe kuve neakawanda "emuviri" zviyero here?
Chokwadi, maita basa nemisoro.
Handidi kuchera, asi hapana chimwe chezvigadzirwa zvakataurwa zvine sarudzo ye 4x, asi 2x chete. Dai yaiva 4x, ipad itsva ine 4096x3072, iyo ingadai yakanaka, asi chaizvoizvo ine sarudzo 2x yakakwirira. kupfuura yepakutanga, pamwe ne iPhone uye iPod Touch. Zvikasadaro, ndinotenda kuti Apple ichauya neizvi, kureva zvakare chikonzero nei ndakatenga iyo 13 ″ Mhepo uye kwete iyo Pro nekuti Mhepo ine iri nani kuratidzwa.
Unogona kuchera, asi hauna kururama. Inotorwa nehuwandu hwepixels - yekare iPhone 320 x 480 = 153 uye itsva iPhone 600 x 640 = 960, ipad yekare 614 x 400 = 1024 760 uye iPad itsva 7782 x 40 = 2048, 1536 nguva zhinji . :)
Zvakanaka, nhamba yemapikisi chinhu chimwe uye kugadzirisa pachayo ndechimwe ;) sarudzo ndeye 2x iyo uye Apple pachayo inodaro uye nhamba yemapikisi ndeye 4x iyo, asi chinyorwa chinovhiringidza kugadzirisa uye nhamba yemapikiseli uye ndizvo. zvisina maturo. Mukupedzisira, hongu, inyaya yekuti chinhu chimwe nechimwe chegadziriso chakapetwa kaviri, saka gadziriso yakawedzera nekaviri nhamba (1024 × 2 = 2048 uye 768 × 2 = 1536 uye nekuti chinhu che2x chakawedzera ne2x. , saka mukupedzisira nhamba yemapikisesi i2 ×2 zvichibva pakuti nhamba iyi inoverengwa sei 1024×768 kureva kubva pakuverenga (1024×2)x(768×2) = X kana tikabvisa zvigadziriso zvino X = 4 kana isiri X = 3,1MPix) vanonyanya kukanganisa pano 2 mauniti, kureva nzvimbo kana nzvimbo yakaenzana (nhamba yemapikisi) uye urefu / upamhi, i.e. resolution. Izvi zvakafanana nekukunguruka masendimita uye sikweya masendimita, hongu, kana hupamhi nekukwirira zvikawedzerwa ne 2x, nzvimbo yacho ichapeta kana. Saka hauna kururama.
Yes you are right. Resolution haina kuenzana nehuwandu hwemapixels.