Michal Marek Zvakataurwa neAmnesty International yakaratidza kuti mumwe wevatengesi vemakambani makuru makuru ehunyanzvi, anosanganisira Apple, Microsoft, Sony, Samsung uye, semuenzaniso, Daimler neVolkswagen vakashandisa basa revana. MuDemocratic Republic of the Congo, vana vakapinda mumigodhi yecobalt, iyo yakazoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweLi-Ion mabhatiri. Izvi zvakabva zvashandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvemhando huru idzi.
Isati yabviswa cobalt yasvika kune yambotaurwa tekinoroji hofori, inofamba rwendo rurefu. Kobhalt inocherwa nevana inotanga kutengwa nevatengesi vemuno, avo vanozoitengesa kukambani yemugodhi yeCongo Dongfang Mining. Iyo yekupedzisira ibazi rekambani yeChinese Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Ltd, neimwe inozivikanwa seHuayou Cobalt. Iyi kambani inobata iyo cobalt uye inotengesa kune vatatu vakasiyana vagadziri vezvinhu zvebhatiri. Aya ndiwo Toda Hunan Shanshen New Material, Tianjin Bamo Technology uye L&F Materal. Zvikamu zvebhatiri zvinotengwa nevagadziri vebhatiri, vanozotengesa mabhatiri apera kumakambani akadai seApple kana Samsung.
Zvisinei, maererano naMark Dummett kubva kuAmnesty International, chinhu chakadaro hachipembedzi makambani aya, uye munhu wose anowana purofiti kubva kune cobalt yakawanikwa nenzira iyi anofanira kushingaira kutora chikamu mukugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka. Hazvifanirwe kunetsa kuti makambani makuru akadai abatsire vana ava.
“Vana vakaudza Amnesty International kuti vaishanda mumigodhi maawa anosvika gumi nemaviri uye vakatakura mitoro inorema kuti vawane madhora ari pakati pemadhora maviri pazuva. Muna 12, maererano neUNICEF, vanenge 2014 vana vakashanda mumigodhi muDemocratic Republic of the Congo, vazhinji vavo vaichera cobalt.
Ongororo yeAmnesty International yakavakirwa pakubvunzurudzwa kwakaitwa vanhu makumi masere nevanomwe vaishanda mumigodhi yecobalt. Pavanhu ava paive nevana gumi nevanomwe vari pakati pemakore mapfumbamwe negumi nemanomwe ekuberekwa. Vatsvakurudzi vakakwanisa kuwana zvinhu zvinoonekwa zvinoratidza mamiriro ane ngozi mumigodhi iyo vashandi vanoshanda, kazhinji vasina midziyo yekudzivirira.
Vana vaiwanzoshanda panzvimbo, vakatakura mitoro inorema uye vaigara vachibata makemikari ane ngozi munzvimbo dzine huruva. Kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kuguruva recobalt kwakaratidza kukonzera zvirwere zvemapapu nemhedzisiro inouraya.
Maererano neAmnesty International, misika yecobalt haina kudzorwa neimwe nzira uye muUnited States, kusiyana negoridhe reCongo, tini uye tungsten, haina kunyorwa se "ngozi" zvinhu. IDemocratic Republic of Congo ndiyo inokwana hafu yekugadzirwa kwecobalt pasi rose.
Apple, iyo yakatotanga kuferefeta mamiriro ezvinhu ese, ndeye pro BBC yakataura zvinotevera: "Hatimboshiviriri kushandiswa kwevana mukutengesa kwedu uye tinodada kutungamira indasitiri nekuita matanho ekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza."
Kambani iyi yayambirawo kuti inoita macheki akasimba uye chero mutengesi anoshandisa basa revana anosungirwa kuona kuti mushandi adzoka kumba akachengeteka, kubhadhara mari yedzidzo yemushandi, kuramba achibhadhara muripo uripo uye kupa mushandi basa kana asvika parinodiwa. age. Pamusoro pezvo, Apple inonzi iri kunyatso tarisa mutengo unotengeswa cobalt.
Mhosva iyi haisi nguva yekutanga kuti kushandiswa kwekushandiswa kwevana muApple's supply chain kuburitswa. Muna 2013, kambani iyi yakazivisa kuti yakanga yamisa kushandira pamwe nemumwe wevatengesi vayo vekuChina payakawana nyaya dzekushandirwa kwevana. Mugore rimwe chetero, Apple yakagadzira dare rakakosha revatariri pane zvedzidzo, izvo zvanga zvichibatsira chirongwa chakatumidzwa kubvira ipapo Supplier Responsibility. Izvi ndezvekuona kuti zvinhu zvese zvakatengwa neApple zvinobva kunzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzebasa.
Ziso rimwe pamwe harina kuramba rakaoma. Zvakanaka, ndichanyora izvi, kuputsa foni nenyundo uye kuenda kusango kunotora makwati. Pane munhu anofanira kuzvitanga. Kune rimwe divi, mafoni ndiwo akapihwa "Kongo Vana Hushamwari". Gore negore, modhi mushure memuenzaniso, tochi inova diki uye diki. Kana mafoni asina mabhatiri ari 1mm gobvu, saka vana muCongo vanozopedzisira vakwanisa kutamba vachifara. Tinoda vana varwi, unova mutambo wavo wenyika wavanofarira.