Ondrej Holzman European Commission yasarudza kuti Apple yakashandisa zororo remutero zvisiri pamutemo muIreland pakati pe2003 ne2014 uye ikozvino inofanirwa kubhadhara kusvika mabhiriyoni gumi nematatu emadhora (13 bhiriyoni korona) nekuda kweizvi. Hapana hurumende yeIrish kana Apple inobvumirana nesarudzo uye kuronga kukwidza nyaya.
Mabhirioni gumi nematatu ekuwedzera mutero ndiwo mutero mukuru kwazvo wakambotemerwa neEuropean Union, asi hazvisati zvave nechokwadi chekuti kambani yeCalifornian ichapedzisira yabhadhara zvizere. Sarudzo yeEuropean regulator haina kufarirwa neIreland uye, zvinonzwisisika, kana neApple pachayo.
Iyo inogadzira iPhone, iyo ine muzinda wayo weEuropean kuIreland, yaifanirwa kunge yakataurirana zvisiri pamutemo mutero wakadzikiswa munyika yechitsuwa, ichibhadhara chikamu chidiki chemutero wekambani panzvimbo yekubhadhara mwero wenyika we12,5 muzana. Saka yakanga isina kupfuura chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzana, iyo inowirirana nemitengo mune dzinonzi nzvimbo dzemitero.
Naizvozvo, European Commission ikozvino, mushure mekuferefeta kwemakore matatu, yakafunga kuti Ireland inofanirwa kukumbira rekodhi 13 bhiriyoni euros kubva kuCalifornian hofori semuripo wemutero wakarasika. Asi gurukota rezvemari reIrish rakatozivisa kuti "haabvumirani" nechisarudzo ichi uye achada kuti hurumende yeIrish izvidzivirire.
Zvinoshamisa kuti kubhadhara mimwe mitero kwaisazova mashoko akanaka kuIreland. Hupfumi hwayo hwakanyanya kuenderana neakafanana mitero yemitero, nekuda kweiyo kwete Apple chete, asiwo, semuenzaniso, Google kana Facebook nemamwe makambani makuru emarudzi akawanda ane dzimbahwe ravo reEuropean muIreland. Saka zvinogona kutarisirwa kuti hurumende yeIrish icharwisana nechisarudzo cheEuropean Commission uye gakava rose rinogona kugadziriswa kwemakore akati wandei.
Nekudaro, mhedzisiro yematare inotarisirwa kurwa ichave yakakosha, kunyanya semuenzaniso kune dzimwe nyaya dzakadai, uye nekudaro kune ese Ireland neayo mutero system, pamwe neApple pachayo nemamwe makambani. Asi kunyangwe European Commission ikakunda uye Apple yaifanira kubhadhara iyo yakataurwa 13 bhiriyoni euros, hazvingave dambudziko rakadaro kwaari kubva pakuona kwemari. Izvi zvingangove zvishoma pasi pezvinomwe kubva muzana zvezvakachengetwa ($215 bhiriyoni).
Iyo 12.5% kana 0.005% yatove musiyano wakakura kwazvo uye mubvunzo unomuka kuti sei kana Apple isingabvisirwe mutero, wadii vamwe. Zvinoshungurudza kuIreland, nekuti hapana anodyara mari pano nekuda kwemutero wakaderera.
Kwete Apple chete ine mukana wakafanana. Mubvunzo ndewokuti nei vachingoda mari yacho kubva kuApple. Sezvakataurwa naTim, pavanenge vachida kuti idzoke mushure memunhu wese, makore emakambani muIreland neEurope achapfugama pamberi pavo. Uye kana vasingazvidi kune wese wese, zviri pachena kuti zvine rusarura. zvisinei, handinzwisisi kuti vanogona sei kurayira Ireland kuita chimwe chinhu chave chichishanda kwemakore uye chinoitwawo sechikamu chemutero wekukurudzira munyika yedu.
Ivo vanoda mari kubva kuApple izvozvi, nekuti iwe unofanirwa kutanga nemumwe munhu uye kuve iyo yakapfuma kambani haisi nguva dzose mukana: D. Paakawana chigamba kubva kuMicrosoft (iyo yaive kambani yakapfuma panguva iyoyo, nenzira), nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisinganzwisisike munhu wese aingomushuvira izvozvo, uye kana Apple achifanira kubhadhara pane zvaasina kutora zvisiri pamutemo, saka murombo. Saka hazvisi zvetsaona. Uye akaraira kuIreland. Ndakatonyora nezvazvo kune imwe nzvimbo, asi zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti zvakaitwa neIreland kunongova hunyengeri pamitemo yeEU. Uye seIreland, Apple inonyatsoziva izvi. Zvaingoenderana naye, hongu. Uye usazvisanganisa nekuzorora mutero. Pano, Apple (nevamwe vakafanana nayo) vakaita kuti mitero yavo ideredzwe kwenguva isingazivikanwi, uye izvi zvinongopesana nemutemo weEU. Uye kuti mumwe mukuru muhurumende akazvironga here? Nokuti a) haisati yavepo kwenguva yakareba uye b) ichiri pamutemo.
Saka handinyatsokuona sekupikisa. Asi ivo vanofanirwa kukumbira Ireland kuti idzosere mari yacho kuhomwe. Mubvunzo ndewekuti vari kure zvakadini kana kuti vakasungirirwa kuEU X makore apfuura. Zvakadaro, Apple ine chibvumirano chepamutemo nenyika.
Sechikamu chekukurudzira kwekudyara, Fo * conn Kutná Hora aive / ane, semuenzaniso, zororo remutero wemakore gumi ... Icho hachisi chibvumirano chisiri pamutemo here?
Hazvisizvo, kana izvi zvakanyorwa pane imwe nzvimbo mumutemo, kuti nyika yakapiwa inogona kupa rubatsiro kune kambani kana ichida kuikwezva kunyika. Asi Apple yanga iripo kwea) makore akati wandei atove - Cook pachake anonyora kuti hofisi muIreland yakavhurwa makore makumi mana apfuura, saka hatisi kutaura nezvekukwezva vanoisa mari, uye b) kuchave kuchine dambudziko nemafambiro akaita Apple. purofiti yayo kubva kune dzimwe nyika kuenda kuIreland kudzivirira kubhadhara mitero yemakambani munyika dzakabva purofiti. Uye kune c) achafanirwa kutsanangura kuti vakawana sei kumitero ye40% pavakanga vabvumirana kuti vaizova ne0,005%.
Zvakare uye zvakare. Iwe haugone kuve nechibvumirano chepamutemo kana uchichisaina uchityora mutemo. Zvakafanana nekutaura kuti une chibvumirano chekuti unogona kupfura zviri pamutemo chero munhu, izvo zvinopesana nemutemo. Pakusaina chibvumirano, mapato ese ari maviri anoziva kuti haafanire kutyora mutemo, uye Apple haifanirwe kunge yakasaina chibvumirano chakadaro. Nyaya yekuti akasaina idambudziko rake uye zvino pane zvinozoitika. Chinhu chimwe chete chisina kujairika ndechekuti EC inotaura kuti sarudzo ichashanda retroactively, kazhinji kontrakiti ichabviswa uye hapana anoda chero chinhu kubva kune chero munhu. Asi isu tiri kutaura pamusoro pemari hombe pano... :D Zvikasadaro, Ireland yave chikamu cheEU kweanoda kusvika 40 makore (yakabatanidzwa muna 1973 - panguva iyoyo European Community), saka zvirokwazvo inonyatsoziva kuti zvisungo zvakadii. kuwira pazviri, havagoni kupa zvikonzero nokuda kwaizvozvo.
Uye nezve kudzoserwa, iwe uri zvishoma hokey pano. Iyo EC haidi kuti Ireland idzose chero chinhu, haina kwainoenda, iyo mitero yemakambani ndeyeIreland. Kusiyana neizvi, anotaura pano kuti Ireland ndiye mumhan'ari, nekuti ndiye mutongi wezvemari anobhadharisa Apple kuunza. Uye mhere-mhere yeIreland ndeyekuti, hongu, kuri kutya kuti makambani akaita seApple, Google, Facebook, uye handizive kuti ndiani mumwe achatiza nyika zvichienderana nesarudzo iyi orasikirwa nepurofiti yayo. Asi Ireland ichiri kufadza kumakambani aya, nokuti mitero yekambani yakadaro yakaderera zvichida haisati yawanikwa muEU ... saka zvichida Luxembourg neNetherlands.
Uye kudanidzira Apple? Hazvisi kana nezve mari iyi seyakadaro, kunyangwe ndiani angada kubhadhara 13/14 bhiriyoni EU pavakaronga "kuidya". Asi dambudziko nderekuti, semuenzaniso, iye zvino achangofanira kubhadhara mutero mumutengo wakajairika uye, pamusoro pazvo, kuti ave achiongororwa nezvemutero munyika dzekutengesa, izvo zvaasina kuita nenzira yaSoromoni. akatama, sekunyora kunoita dfx pamusoro, mari yese yaakawana kuIreland. Saka nyika dzakaita seGermany, France, UK, asi isu takauyawo pfupi. Uye isu tiri kune imwe nzvimbo zvachose, nekuti kamwe kamwe purofiti yake ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Kungoenzanisira 2011: semuenzaniso, Komisheni yakataura kuti muna 2011 Apple Sales International yakashuma purofiti yemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nemaviri, asi zvichibva pamutongo wemutero, inosvika mamirioni makumi mashanu emadhora emubhadharo aionekwa semutero muIreland, nepo mabhiriyoni gumi nemashanu emadhora. yakaramba isina mutero. Uye ndizvo zvazviri….
Asi hongu, ndakazvinzwisisa, zvakangoita sezvisina musoro kwandiri uye ndakanga ndisingazivi kuti Ireland yakava nhengo yeEU uye apo chibvumirano chakataurwa pamusoro pekubhadhara mitero chakasvika. Chero zvazvingaitika, inonyanya kuIreland inofanirwa kuteerera, uye kuti, kune rumwe rutivi, ichagamuchira mari. Kunze kwekunge aita chibvumirano (pachivande) neApple kuti adzorere kwaari sechikamu chechimwe chinhu :)
EU iri kurwisa "nzvimbo dzemitero" mukati memusika mumwe chete weEU. Zvakanaka. Asi haigone kudzongonyedza zvibvumirano zvakapedzwa pakati penyika dziri nhengo dzeEU nemakambani akazvimirira.
Inogona kuraira nyika kuti isapedze mamwe makondirakiti, kana kukurudzira kubviswa kwezvibvumirano zviripo. Muchiitiko chekuti Ireland, pasi pekumanikidzwa kubva kuEU, inowedzera mutero chero kambani yakazvimiririra -> hupfumi husina kunaka -> kupokana kwepasirese kunopesana neIreland (kwete EU).
Asi zvechokwadi anogona, nokuti chibvumirano chinopesana nemutemo wezvino. Uye ndizvo zvazviri, kuti chibvumirano hachishandi nekuda kwekuti nyika yenhengo haigone kudzikisa mutero kumakambani ega. Uye ndicho chikonzero kutumira. Uye sezvo Apple iri chaizvo "isina mhosva" mune izvi - kunyangwe Apple isingafanirwe kusaina chibvumirano chinopokana nemutemo, Ireland yakazvibata - saka hapana zvirango uye zvirango.
Ireland yakatoita mari pazviri. Kana ndikafungidzira kuti Ireland ine 2% yehuwandu hweEU yese, uye Apple haina kubhadhara mutero chero kupi zvako muEU, ipapo 1% mutero wepurofiti kubva kuEU yese inenge makumi mashanu muzana mutero pamubhadharo weApple muIreland.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, Apple yakangobhadhara mutero wakazara weEU muIreland. Zvaibatsira kuIreland neApple, asi dzimwe nyika dzeEU dzakanga dzisina chinhu kubva kumutero weApple munyika dzawo.