Vhara shambadzo

MuUnited States, kukakavara pakati peApple, FBI neDhipatimendi reJustice kuri kukura mazuva ese. Sekureva kwaApple, kuchengetedzeka kwedata kwemazana emamiriyoni evanhu kuri panjodzi, asi sekureva kweFBI, kambani yeCalifornian inofanira kudzoka kumashure kuitira kuti vaongorori vakwanise kuwana iPhone yegandanga rakapfura vanhu gumi nemana ndokukuvadza vamwe vanopfuura gumi nevaviri. muSan Bernardino gore rakapera.

Zvese zvakatanga nemutongo wedare uyo Apple yakagamuchira kubva kuFBI. IAmerican FBI ine iPhone yaive yaSyed Rizwan Farook ane makore makumi maviri nemasere. Pakutanga kwaDecember apfuura, iye nemumwe wake vakapfura vanhu gumi nevana muSan Bernardino, California, iyo yakasarudzwa sechiito chegandanga. Iine iPhone yakabatwa, iyo FBI inoda kuziva rumwe ruzivo nezve Farook uye nyaya yacho yese, asi vane dambudziko - foni yakachengetedzwa password uye FBI haigone kupinda mairi.

Kunyangwe Apple yakabatana nevaongorori veAmerica kubva pakutanga, hazvina kukwana kuFBI, uye pakupedzisira, pamwe nehurumende yeAmerica, vari kuyedza kumanikidza Apple kuputsa chengetedzo nenzira isati yamboitika. Hofori yeCalifornia yakaramba izvi uye Tim Cook akazivisa mutsamba yakazaruka kuti aizorwisa. Mushure meizvozvo, nhaurirano yakabva yatanga, mushure mezvo Cook pachake akadana, achigadzirisa kana Apple akazvibata nemazvo, kana FBI ichikumbira chinhu chakadaro uye, muchidimbu, kuti ndiani akamira.

Tichamumanikidza

Tsamba yaCook yakavhurika yakamutsa nyonganyonga. Nepo mamwe makambani etekinoroji, Apple akakosha emubatanidzwa muhondo iyi, nevamwe Vagadziri ve iPhone vakaratidza rutsigiro, hurumende yeUS haifarire mafungiro ekuramba zvachose. Kambani yekuCalifornian ine nguva yakawedzerwa kusvika Chishanu, Kukadzi 26, yekupindura zviri pamutemo kudare redzimhosva, asi Dhipatimendi reJustice reUS rakagumisa kubva mukutaura kwaro kuti hazvingaite kusimuka uye kutevedzera chirevo.

"Pachinzvimbo chekutevedzera zvakatemwa nedare kuti vabatsire mukuferefeta kurwiswa kwehugandanga uku, Apple akapindura nekuzviramba pachena. Kuramba uku, kunyangwe kuri mukati mekukwanisa kweApple kutevedzera hurongwa, kunoratidzika kunge kwakavakirwa pabhizinesi rayo uye zano rekushambadzira," yakarwisa hurumende yeUS, iyo inoronga, pamwe neFBI, kuita nhamburiko huru kumanikidza Apple kuti iite. kubatana.

Izvo izvo FBI iri kukumbira Apple zviri nyore. Iyo yakawanikwa iPhone 5C, yeimwe yemagandanga akapfurwa, yakachengetedzwa nenhamba kodhi, pasina iyo vaongorori havazokwanise kuwana chero data kubva mairi. Ndosaka iyo FBI ichida kuti Apple iipe chishandiso (chaizvoizvo, musiyano wakasarudzika weiyo inoshanda sisitimu) inodzima iyo inodzima iyo iPhone yese mushure megumi macode asina kunaka, uku ichibvumira nyanzvi dzayo kuti dziedze masanganiswa akasiyana munguva pfupi. Zvikasadaro, iOS ine kunonoka kweseti kana password ichidzokororwa kuiswa zvisizvo.

Kana zvirambidzo izvi zvangodonha, FBI yaigona kuona iyo kodhi neinonzi brute force kurwisa, ichishandisa komputa ine simba kuyedza zvese zvinogoneka musanganiswa wenhamba kuti uvhure foni, kuita maitiro nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Asi Apple inoona chishandiso chakadaro njodzi huru yekuchengetedza. “Hurumende yeUnited States inoda kuti titore danho risati ramboitika rinotyisidzira kuchengetedzwa kwevashandisi vedu. Isu tinofanirwa kuzvidzivirira kubva kuhurongwa uhu, sezvo hunogona kuve nezvahunoreva kupfuura nyaya iripo, "anonyora kudaro Tim Cook.

Haisi iyo chete iPhone

Apple inopokana nedare redzimhosva nekutaura kuti FBI zvakanyanya kana zvishoma inoda kuti igadzire backdoor iyo yaizogoneka kupinda mune chero iPhone. Kunyangwe masangano ekuferefeta achiti anongonetsekana nenhare yekupomera kubva kurwiswa kweSan Bernardino, hapana vimbiso - sekupokana kunoita Apple - kuti chishandiso ichi hachizoshandiswa zvisizvo mune ramangwana. Kana kuti hurumende yeUS haichazoishandisa zvakare, yatove isina ruzivo rweApple nevashandisi.

[su_pullquote align = "kurudyi"]Hatinzwe zvakanaka pamusoro pekuva kune rimwe divi rehurumende.[/su_pullquote]Tim Cook akashora zvisina mubvunzo chiito chehugandanga akamiririra kambani yake yese uye akawedzera kuti zviito zveApple hazvireve kubatsira magandanga, asi kungodzivirira mazana emamiriyoni evamwe vanhu vasiri magandanga, uye kambani inonzwa ichisungirwa kuita. chengetedza data ravo.

Chinhu chakakosha mugakava rose zvakare inyaya yekuti Farook's iPhone ndeye yekare modhi 5C, iyo isati iine akakosha ekuchengetedza maficha muchimiro cheTouch ID uye yakabatana Yakachengeteka Enclave chinhu. Nekudaro, maererano neApple, chishandiso chakakumbirwa neFBI chaizokwanisawo "kuvhura" maPhones matsva ane chiverengero chemunwe, saka haisi nzira ingangogumira kumidziyo yekare.

Mukuwedzera, nyaya yacho yose haina kuvakwa nenzira iyo Apple yakaramba kubatsira kuferefeta, uye naizvozvo Dhipatimendi reRuramisiro neFBI vaifanira kuwana mhinduro kuburikidza nematare. Kusiyana neizvi, Apple yanga ichishandira pamwe nemayuniti ekuferefeta kubva pakabatwa iPhone 5C mune imwe yemagandanga.

Basic kuferefeta kusazvibata

Mukuferefeta kwese, zvirinani kubva pane zvave pachena, tinogona kuona zvimwe zvinonakidza. Kubva pakutanga, FBI yaida kuwana iyo backup data iyo yakachengetwa otomatiki muCloud pane yakawanikwa iPhone. Apple yakapa vaongorori mamiriro akati wandei ekuti vangaite sei izvi. Mukuwedzera, iye pachake akanga ambopa dhipoziti yokupedzisira inowanika kwaari. Zvisinei, izvi zvakanga zvatoitwa muna Gumiguru 19, i.e. isingasviki mwedzi miviri isati yarwiswa, iyo yakanga isina kukwana kuFBI.

Apple inogona kuwana iCloud backups kunyangwe mudziyo wakakiyiwa kana password yakachengetedzwa. Naizvozvo, pakukumbira, kuchengetedza kwekupedzisira kwaFarook kwakapihwa neFBI pasina matambudziko. Uye kuitira kudhawunirodha data razvino, FBI yakaraira kuti iyo yakadzoserwa iPhone ibatanidzwe kune inozivikanwa Wi-Fi (muhofisi yaFarook, sezvo yaive nhare yekambani), nekuti kamwe iPhone ine otomatiki backup yakabatidzwa yakabatana ne inozivikanwa Wi-Fi, inotsigirwa.

Asi mushure mekubata iyo iPhone, vaongorori vakaita chikanganiso chikuru. Vatevedzeri veSan Bernardino County vanga vaine iPhone vakashanda neFBI kuseta pasiwedhi yeApple ID yeFarook mukati memaawa awana runhare (vanogona kunge vakaiwana kuburikidza neemail yebasa remunhu anorwisa). FBI pakutanga yakaramba chiitiko chakadaro, asi gare gare yakasimbisa chiziviso chedunhu reCalifornia. Izvo hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti nei vaongorori vakatora danho rakadaro, asi mhedzisiro imwe iri pachena: Mirairo yeApple yekubatanidza iyo iPhone kune inozivikanwa Wi-Fi yakave isiri iyo.

Pakangoshandurwa password yeApple ID, iyo iPhone inoramba kuita otomatiki backup kuCloud kudzamara pasiwedhi nyowani yapinda. Uye nekuti iyo iPhone yakachengetedzwa nepassword iyo vaongorori vaisaziva, havana kukwanisa kusimbisa password nyowani. Kuchengetedza kutsva saka kwaisaita. Apple inoti FBI yakagadzirisa password nekuda kwekusashivirira, uye nyanzvi dziri kudzungudza misoro pamusoro payo zvakare. Sekureva kwavo, ichi chikanganiso chakakosha muhurongwa hwe forensic. Dai password yanga isina kuchinjwa, backup ingadai yakaitwa uye Apple ingadai yakapa iyo data kuFBI pasina matambudziko. Nenzira iyi, zvisinei, vaongorori pachavo vakazvinyima mukana uyu, uye nekuwedzera, kukanganisa kwakadaro kunogona kudzoka kwavari mukuferefetwa kwedare.

Nharo iyo FBI yakauya nayo pakarepo mushure mekukanganisa kwataurwa pamusoro, kuti yaisazokwanisa kuwana data rakakwana kubva ku iCloud backup, sekunge yaizoenda panyama yakananga ku iPhone, inoita seisinganzwisisike. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana akakwanisa kuziva password kune iPhone, iyo data yaizowanikwa kubva mairi nenzira yakangofanana nekuchengetedza mu iTunes basa. Uye dzakafanana paICloud, uye pamwe zvakatonyanya kutsanangurwa kutenda kune akajairwa backups. Uye maererano neApple, ivo vakakwana. Izvi zvinomutsa mubvunzo wekuti nei FBI, kana yaida zvinopfuura kungoita iCloud backup, haina kuudza Apple zvakananga.

Hapana achadzokera kumashure

Parizvino, zviri pachena kuti hapana divi richadzokera kumashure. “Mugakava reSan Bernardino, hatisi kuedza kuisa muenzaniso kana kutumira meseji. Zviri pamusoro pechibayiro uye kururamisira. Vanhu gumi nevana vakapondwa uye hupenyu nemitumbi yevamwe vakawanda yakachekwa. Tine chikwereti navo chepamutemo uye nehunyanzvi hwekuferefeta." akanyora mune pfupi tsinhiro, FBI director James Comey, maererano izvo agency yake isingade chero backdoors mune ese maPhones, uye saka Apple inofanirwa kubatana. Kunyangwe vakabatwa nekurwiswa kweSan Bernardino havana kubatana. Vamwe vari kudivi rehurumende, vamwe vanogamuchira kusvika kweApple.

Apple inoramba yakatsiga. "Hatinzwe zvakanaka nekuve kune rimwe divi rekodzero uye rusununguko mhosva kuhurumende inofanirwa kuvadzivirira," Tim Cook akanyora mutsamba kuvashandi nhasi, achikurudzira hurumende kuti ibvise kurongeka uye kuti igadzire. komisheni yakakosha inoumbwa nenyanzvi dzaizoongorora nyaya yese. "Apple ingada kuve chikamu cheizvozvo."

Pedyo neimwe tsamba kubva kuApple pawebhusaiti yayo yakagadzira yakakosha mubvunzo uye peji peji, kwaanoedza kutsanangura chokwadi kuitira kuti munhu wose anzwisise nyaya yacho yose zvakarurama.

Zvimwe zviri kuitika munyaya iyi zvinogona kutarisirwa pasati papfuura Chishanu, Kukadzi 26, apo Apple inofanirwa kutaura zviri pamutemo pamusoro pemutongo wedare, wairi kuda kuchinjisa.

Kunobva: CNBC, TechCrunch, BuzzFeed (2) (3), Mutemo, Reuters
Photo: Kārlis Dambrāns
.