Vhara shambadzo

Pave nemakore manomwe chaiwo kubva Steve Jobs akafumura iyo iPhone pachikuva pamberi pevateereri, nhare mbozha yakachinja indasitiri yese ndokutanga shanduko ye smartphone. Vakwikwidzi vakaita zvakasiyana kune iyo foni ichangobva kuunzwa, asi yaive maitiro avo uye nekumhanya kwekupindura kwakatara ramangwana ravo kwemakore anotevera. Steve Ballmer akaseka kubva pa iPhone ndokuburitsa zano rake neWindows Mobile. Makore maviri gare gare, hurongwa hwese hwakatemwa uye neWindows Phone 8 ikozvino, ine chikamu chezvikamu zvishoma kubva muzana.

Pakutanga, Nokia yakafuratira zvachose iyo iPhone uye yakaedza kuenderera mberi nekusundidzira yayo Symbian uye gare gare vhezheni yayo yekubata-inoshamwaridzana. Iyo stock yakazodzikira, kambani yakachinja Windows Foni, uye yakazotengesa nharembozha yayo yese kuMicrosoft nechidimbu chezvayaimboita. Blackberry yakakwanisa kupindura zvakakwana chete pakutanga kwegore rapfuura, uye kambani parizvino iri padanho rekubhuroka uye hainyatso kuziva zvekuita nayo pachayo. Palm yakanyatsoita nekukasira uye yakakwanisa kuunza WebOS, iyo ichiri kurumbidzwa nanhasi, uye nayo foni yePalm Pré, zvisinei, semhedzisiro yevashandisi veAmerica uye matambudziko nevanopa chikamu, kambani yakazotengeswa kuHP, iyo yakavigwa. iyo WebOS yese, uye sisitimu yacho ikozvino inorangarira yaimbove yaigona chete pane smart TV skrini LG.

Google yakakwanisa kuita nekukurumidza neiyo Android inoshanda sisitimu, iyo yakasvika muchimiro cheT-Mobile G1/HTC Kurota pasati papera gore nehafu mushure mekunge iPhone yatanga kutengeswa. Nekudaro, yaive nzira refu kune iyo Android fomu, iyo Google yakaratidza zviri pamutemo panguva iyoyo, uye nekuda kwebhuku Dogfight: Mafambiro akaita Apple neGoogle kuHondo uye Vakatanga Revolution tinogonawo kudzidza chimwe chinhu seri kwezviitiko.

Muna 2005, mamiriro ezvinhu akapoteredza nharembozha nevashandisi akanga akasiyana zvakanyanya. Iyo oligopoly yemakambani mashoma anodzora nharembozha yairaira musika wese, uye mafoni akagadzirwa zvinongoita chete nemirairo yevashandisi. Ivo vaisadzora kwete chete zvinhu zvehardware asiwo software uye vakapa masevhisi avo chete pabhokisi rejecha ravo. Kuedza kugadzira chero software kwaive kutambisa mari nekuti pakanga pasina mwero pakati pemafoni. Symbian chete ndiye aive neshanduro dzinoverengeka dzisingaenderane.

Panguva iyoyo, Google yaida kusundira kutsvaga kwayo munharembozha, uye kuti iite izvi, yaifanira kutaurirana zvese kuburikidza nevashandisi. Asi vashandisi vakasarudza matani emaringi avakazvitengesa mukutsvaga, uye mibairo kubva kuGoogle yairatidzwa munzvimbo dzekupedzisira chete. Pamusoro pezvo, kambani yeMountain View yakatarisana neimwe kutyisidzira, uye yaive Microsoft.

Yayo Windows CE, yaizivikanwa seWindows Mobile, yave kuve yakakurumbira (kunyangwe munhoroondo mugove wavo waigara uri pasi pegumi muzana), uye Microsoft zvakare panguva iyoyo yakatanga kusimudzira sevhisi yayo yekutsvaga, iyo yakazoshandurwa kuita Bing yanhasi. Google neMicrosoft vanga vatove vakwikwidzi kare ikako, uye kana, nekukura kukuru kweMicrosoft, vakasundidzira kutsvaga kwavo nemubhadharo weGoogle uye havana kana kumbopa senge sarudzo, paizove nenjodzi chaiyo yekuti kambani inorasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma. chete kwaibva mari panguva iyoyo, yaibva kumashambadziro mumibairo yekutsvaga . Zvirinani ndizvo zvaifungwa nevakuru veGoogle. Saizvozvo, Microsoft yakauraya zvachose Netscape neInternet Explorer.

Google yaiziva kuti kurarama munguva yenharembozha, yaizoda zvinopfuura kungobatanidza kutsvaga kwayo uye app kuti iwane masevhisi ayo. Ndosaka muna 2005 akatenga Android software yekutanga yakavambwa neaimbova mushandi weApple Andy Rubin. Hurongwa hwaRubin hwaive hwekugadzira yakavhurika-sosi nhare yekushandisa system iyo chero mugadziri wehardware aigona kuita mahara pamidziyo yavo, kusiyana nerezinesi Windows CE. Google yakafarira chiono ichi uye mushure mekutora yakagadza Rubin semukuru wekuvandudza sisitimu yekushandisa, ane zita raakachengeta.

Android yaifanirwa kuve yekuchinja munzira dzakawanda, mune zvimwe zvinhu zvakanyanya shanduko kupfuura iyo iPhone yakaunzwa neApple. Yakanga iine kubatanidzwa kweanozivikanwa ewebhu masevhisi eGoogle anosanganisira mepu neYouTube, yaigona kuve neakawanda maapplication akavhurika panguva imwe chete, iine yakazara-izere internet browser uye yaifanirwa kusanganisira chitoro chepakati chine nharembozha.

Nekudaro, iyo hardware fomu yemafoni eAndroid panguva iyoyo yaifanirwa kunge yakasiyana zvachose. Mafonifoni ainyanya kufarirwa panguva iyoyo aive zvishandiso zveBlackBerry, achitevedzera muenzaniso wavo, yekutanga Android prototype, codenamed Sooneer, yaive nekhibhodi yehardware uye isina-inobata kuratidza.

Musi waNdira 9, 2007, Andy Rubin aive munzira kuenda kuLas Vegas nemotokari kunosangana nevagadziri vehardware nevatakuri. Pakanga pari parwendo apo Steve Jobs akazivisa tikiti rake kumusika wenharembozha, izvo zvakazoita kuti Apple ive kambani yakakosha pasi rose. Rubin akaororwa kwazvo nekuitwa kwacho zvekuti akamisa mota kuti aone nhepfenyuro yese. Ndipo paakati kune vaaishanda navo mumotokari: "Shit, isu hatisi kuzoparura iyi [Nokukurumidza] foni."

Kunyangwe hazvo Android yaive neimwe nzira yakakwira kupfuura yekutanga iPhone, Rubin aiziva kuti aifanira kufunga zvakare pfungwa yese. Iine Android, yaibhejera pane zvaidiwa nevashandisi nezvemafoni eBlackBerry-musanganiswa wekhibhodi huru yehardware, email, uye nhare yakasimba. Asi Apple yakashandura zvachose mitemo yemutambo. Panzvimbo pekhibhodi yehardware, akapa chaiyo, iyo, kunyangwe isiri yakada kufanana uye nekukurumidza, haina kutora hafu yechiratidziro nguva dzese. Nekuda kweiyo-se-touch interface ine kamwechete hardware bhatani kumberi pazasi pechiratidziro, yega yega application inogona kuve neyayo yekutonga sezvinodiwa. Uyezve, Nenguva isipi yakanga yakashata kubva iyo inoshamisa iPhone, iyo yaifanirwa kubhadharwa neiyo shanduko Android.

Ichi chaive chimwe chinhu Rubin nechikwata chake vaifunga kuti zvine njodzi panguva iyoyo. Nekuda kwekuchinja kukuru mune iyi pfungwa, Nenguva isipi yakadzimwa uye prototype codenamed Dream, yaive ne touch screen, yakauya pamberi. Iyo sumo yakamiswa kusvika pakudonha kwa 2008. Munguva yekuvandudzwa kwayo, vanjiniya veGoogle vakaisa pfungwa pazvinhu zvese izvo iPhone yaisagona kuita kusiyanisa Kurota zvakakwana. Mushure mezvose, semuenzaniso, kusavapo kwekhibhodi yehardware kwaive kuchiri kutariswa sekuperevedza, ndosaka foni yekutanga yeAroid yakambove, iyo T-Mobile G1, inozivikanwawo seHTC Dream, yaive nechikamu chekutsvedza chine makiyi ekunyora uye. gumbo duku romupumburu.

Mushure mekuiswa kwe iPhone, nguva yakamira paGoogle. Iro purojekiti yakavanzika uye yekuda chinzvimbo paGoogle, iyo vazhinji vakange vapedza maawa 60-80 pavhiki kweanopfuura makore maviri, yakanga isingachashandi mangwanani iwayo. Mwedzi mitanhatu yekushanda nemaprototypes, izvo zvaifanira kunge zvakakonzera chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chakaunzwa mukupera kwa2007, chakaparara, uye budiriro yese yakamiswa nerimwe gore. Rubin shamwari Chris DeSalvo akati, "Semutengi, ndakarohwa nehana. Asi sainjiniya weGoogle, ndaifunga kuti tinofanira kutanga patsva. "

Nepo iyo iPhone yaive ine nharo yekukunda kukuru kwaSteve Jobs, kusimudza Apple pamusoro pemamwe makambani ese uye nhasi ichiri kuverengera inopfuura makumi mashanu muzana yemari yese muInfinity Loop 50, kwaive kurova mbabvu dzeGoogle-inenge yayo Android division.

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