Unogona kumhanya nyore Linux paM1 Mac

Apple payakaunza maMac ekutanga neApple Silicon, iyo inofambiswa neiyo yayo chip inonzi M1, yakakwanisa kushamisa nyika yese nekumutsa mibvunzo yakawanda panguva imwe chete. Ehe, izvi zvakatoonekwa pakuratidzwa kweApple Silicon purojekiti yakadaro, asi panguva ino munhu wese aida kuziva kana kufanotaura kwavo kwekutanga kwaizonyatsoitika. Mubvunzo mukuru waive wekutanga kana kushandura imwe sisitimu yekushandisa, kunyanya Windows. Sezvo iyo M1 chip yakavakirwa pane imwe dhizaini (ARM64), zvinosuruvarisa haigone kumhanyisa echinyakare masisitimu ekushandisa akadai Windows 10 (inomhanya pane x86 architecture).

Rangarira kuunzwa kweM1 chip, yekutanga mumhuri yeApple Silicon, iyo parizvino inopa simba 4 Macs uye iPad Pro:

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Kunyangwe zvisingataridzike zvakanyanya neWindows chaizvo (parizvino), nguva dziri nani dziri kupenya kune inotevera "hombe" mutambi, inova Linux. Kwerinenge gore, purojekiti hombe yanga ichiitwa kuendesa Linux kuMacs neM1 chip. Uye zvigumisiro zvinotaridzika zvakanaka. Linux Kernel yeMacs ine chip yayo (Apple Silicon) yaive yatovepo mukupera kwaJune. Nekudaro, ikozvino vagadziri kuseri kweizvi vataura kuti Linux system yatove kushandiswa seyakajairwa desktop pane izvi Apple zvishandiso. Asahi Linux ikozvino inomhanya zvirinani kupfuura nakare kose, asi ichine painogumira uye zvimwe zvikanganiso.

Vatyairi

Mumamiriro ezvinhu aripo, zvave kutoita kumhanyisa Linux yakagadzikana paM1 Macs, asi zvinosuruvarisa kuti ichiri kushaya rutsigiro rwekukwidziridza mifananidzo, ndizvo zvazviri neiyo yazvino vhezheni yakanyorwa 5.16. Zvakadaro, timu yevagadziri vepurogiramu iri kushanda nesimba pabasa iri, nekuda kwavakakwanisa kuita chimwe chinhu icho vamwe vanhu vangave vakafunga kuti hachigoneke pakaunzwa chirongwa cheApple Silicon. Kunyanya, vakakwanisa kutakura madhiraivha ePCIe uye USB-C PD. Mamwe madhiraivha ePrintctrl, I2C, ASC mailbox, IOMMU 4K uye mudziyo wemagetsi manejimendi mutyairi akagadzirirawo, asi ikozvino vakamirira kunyatsotariswa uye kunotevera kutumwa.

Vagadziri vanobva vawedzera kuti inoshanda sei nevatongi. Nekuita kwavo kwakakodzera, ivo vanofanirwa kuve vakabatana zvakasimba kune hardware inoshandiswa uye naizvozvo kuziva kunyange zviduku zvishoma (somuenzaniso, nhamba yepini nezvimwe zvakadaro). Mushure mezvose, izvi ndizvo zvinodikanwa kune mazhinji machipisi, uye nechizvarwa chitsva chega chega chehardware, madhiraivha anodawo kugadziridzwa kuti ape 100% rutsigiro. Nekudaro, Apple inounza chimwe chinhu chitsva kumunda uyu uye inongomira kunze kubva kune vamwe. Nekuda kwemaitiro aya, zvinogoneka kuti vatyairi vangangoshanda kwete chete paMacs neM1, asiwo kune avo vanotsiva, izvo zviri pakati pezvimwe zvingangove zvisiri-zvakaongororwa nyika yeArM64 architecture. Semuenzaniso, chikamu chinodaidzwa kuti UART chinowanikwa muM1 chip chine nhoroondo yakakura uye taizoiwana kunyangwe muiyo yekutanga iPhone.

Kuendesa kune nyowani Apple Silicon machipi kuchava nyore here?

Zvichienderana neruzivo rwataurwa pamusoro, mubvunzo unomuka wekuti pakupedzisira kutakurwa kweLinux kana kugadzirira kwayo maMac anotarisirwa nemachipisi matsva kuchave nyore. Ehe, isu hatizive mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu parizvino, kwete ne100% chokwadi. Asi maererano nevagadziri veprojekti, zvinogoneka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aripo, zvakakosha kumirira kusvika kweMacs neM1X kana M2 chips.

Zvakadaro, ikozvino tinogona kufara kuti Asahi Linux purojekiti yafambisa matanho akati wandei mberi. Kunyangwe nyaya dzinoverengeka dzichiri kushaikwa, semuenzaniso iyo yatotaurwa tsigiro yekukwidziridza GPU kana mamwe madhiraivha, ichiri ino shandiswa system. Mukuwedzera, pane parizvino mubvunzo wekuti chikamu ichi chichafamba kupi nekufamba kwenguva.