Thomas Chlebek Pagore rapfuura WWDC Apple yepasirese yekuvandudza musangano yakaunza iyo itsva APFS faira system. Nekuvandudzwa pa iOS 10.3 michina yekutanga kubva kuApple ecosystem ichachinja kwairi.
A file system chimiro chinopa kuchengetedza kwe data pa diski uye yese inoshanda nayo. Apple parizvino inoshandisa iyo HFS + sisitimu yeiyi, yakanga yatoiswa muna 1998, ichitsiva HFS (Hierarchical File System) kubva 1985.
Saka APFS, iyo inomiririra Apple File System, inofanirwa kutsiva iyo yakasikwa makore anopfuura makumi matatu apfuura, uye inofanirwa kuita izvi pamapuratifomu ese eApple panguva ye2017. Apple yakaedza Kutsiva HFS + kubvira 2006.
Chekutanga, zvisinei, kuedza kutora ZFS (Zettabyte File System), pamwe iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa faira system panguva ino, yakundikana, ichiteverwa nemapurojekiti maviri kugadzira mhinduro dzawo. Saka APFS ine nhoroondo refu uye tarisiro yakawanda. Nekudaro, vazhinji havasati vanyatso ziva nezve chirongwa cheApple chekuda kutora APFS mukati meiyo ecosystem, ichinongedza kuzvinhu zvinozivikanwa kubva kune mamwe masisitimu (kunyanya ZFS) ayo asipo pairi. Asi izvo APFS inovimbisa ichiri nhanho yakakosha kumberi.
APFS igadziriro yakagadzirirwa kuchengetwa kwemazuva ano - hongu, yakavakirwa zvakananga Apple hardware uye software, saka inofanirwa kunge yakanyatsoenderana neSSD, hukuru hukuru, uye mafaera makuru. Semuenzaniso, inotsigira natively TRIM uye anozviita nguva dzose, izvo zvinoita kuti dhisiki iite yakakwirira. Iwo makuru maficha uye mabhenefiti pamusoro peHFS + ndeaya: cloning, snapshots, kugovana nzvimbo, encryption, failover kudzivirira uye nekukurumidza kuverenga kweyakashandiswa / yemahara nzvimbo.
Cloning inotsiva yekare kukopa, kana yechipiri faira yedata yakafanana neiyo yakakopwa inogadzirwa padhisiki. Cloning panzvimbo inongogadzira duplicate yemetadata (ruzivo nezve faira paramita), uye kana imwe ye clones ikagadziridzwa, iyo chete magadzirirwo anozonyorwa ku diski, kwete iyo faira rese zvakare. Zvakanakira cloning zvakachengetwa dhisiki nzvimbo uye inokurumidza nzira yekugadzira "kopi" yefaira.
Ehe, maitiro aya anoshanda chete mukati medhisiki imwe - kana uchikopa pakati pemadhisiki maviri, dhisiki yakazara yefaira rekutanga inofanirwa kugadzirwa pane inotangwa dhisiki. Kukanganisa kunogoneka kwemaclones kungave kubata kwavo nzvimbo, uko kudzima clone yechero hombe faira kunosunungura kanenge pasina dhisiki nzvimbo.
A snapshot mufananidzo wemamiriro edhisiki pane imwe nguva nenguva, izvo zvinobvumira mafaera kuti arambe achishanda pairi achiri kuchengetedza chimiro chavo, sezvazvaive panguva iyo snapshot yakatorwa. Shanduko chete dzinochengetwa kudhisiki, hapana dhizaini data inogadzirwa. Saka iyi inzira yekuchengetedza inovimbika kupfuura inoshandiswa neTime Machine parizvino.
Kugovana nzvimbo kunogonesa akati wandei disk partitions govera iyo yakafanana yemuviri disk nzvimbo. Semuenzaniso, kana dhisiki ine HFS + faira system yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu uye imwe yacho ichipera nzvimbo (apo mamwe aine nzvimbo), zvinokwanisika kungodzima chikamu chinotevera uye batanidza nzvimbo yacho kune iyo yaimhanya. kunze kwenzvimbo. AFPS inoratidza nzvimbo yese yemahara pane yese dhisiki remuviri kune ese mapartitions.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana uchigadzira zvikamu, hapana chikonzero chekuenzanisa saizi yavo inodiwa, sezvo iine simba zvachose zvichienderana nenzvimbo yemahara inodiwa muchikamu chakapihwa. Semuenzaniso, isu tine dhisiki ine huwandu hwakazara hwe100 GB yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, apo imwe inozadza 10 GB uye imwe 20 GB. Muchiitiko ichi, zvikamu zvose zvicharatidza 70 GB yemahara nzvimbo.
Ehe, dhisiki encryption yatovepo neHFS +, asi APFS inopa iyo yakanyanya kuoma fomu. Panzvimbo pemhando mbiri (hapana encryption uye single-kiyi yakazara-dhisiki encryption) ine HFS +, APFS inokwanisa encrypt dhisiki uchishandisa makiyi akawanda efaira rega rega uye kiyi yakaparadzana yemetadata.
Kukundikana kudzivirira kunoreva izvo zvinoitika muchiitiko chekutadza paunenge uchinyorera ku diski. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kurasikirwa kwedata kunowanzoitika, kunyanya kana data iri kunyorwa, nekuti pane nguva apo data rakadzimwa uye rakanyorwa riri munzira yekutapurirana uye rinorasika kana simba rabviswa. APFS inodzivisa dambudziko iri kuburikidza nekushandisa nzira yeCopy-on-write (COW), iyo data yekare haina kuchinjwa zvakananga neyo itsva uye naizvozvo hapana ngozi yekurasikirwa navo kana pane kukundikana.
Zvimiro zviripo mune mamwe emazuvano faira masisitimu ayo asina APFS (parizvino) anosanganisira compression uye yakaoma cheki cheki (duplicates yemetadata kuratidza kuvimbika kweiyo yekutanga - APFS inoita izvi, asi kwete yedata remushandisi). APFS zvakare inoshaya data redundancy (duplicates) (ona cloning), iyo inochengetedza dhisiki nzvimbo, asi inoita kuti zvibvirire kugadzirisa data kana paine huwori. Nezveizvi, Apple inonzi iri kukwezva kunaka kwekuchengetedza kwainoisa muzvigadzirwa zvayo.
Vashandisi vanotanga vaona APFS pamidziyo yeIOS, yatove pakuvandudza kuIOS 10.3. Iyo inotevera chaiyo chirongwa haisati yazivikanwa, kunze kwekuti muna 2018, iyo yese Apple ecosystem inofanirwa kushanda paAPFS, i.e. zvishandiso zvine iOS, watchOS, tvOS uye macOS. Iyo nyowani faira sisitimu inofanirwa kukurumidza, yakavimbika uye yakachengeteka zvakanyanya kutenda kune optimization.
"uye vanonongedza kuzvinhu zvinozivikanwa kubva kune mamwe masisitimu (kunyanya ZFS) izvo zvisipo kubva mairi." Resp. inogona kuwedzerwa kuchinyorwa. Zvikasadaro chinyorwa chikuru. Ndatenda.
Yakawedzerwa mundima yekupedzisira.
Kutenda kwazvo. Uye ndinotenda zvakare nechinyorwa chikuru uye chipfupi.
Hongu, ndinobvuma, hapana mamirioni ezvinyorwa pano, asi kana chimwe chinhu chabuda, ndinoda kukudza uye kuzviisa pasi pese. Panguva imwecheteyo, ndine hungwaru uye, kusiyana nemamwe mawebhusaiti, handidembi kutambisa nguva kuverenga.
Hongu, nyaya inofadza. Kunyangwe kana shanduko yakadaro ichindityisa zvishoma ;-). Zvinotora nguva kuti zvirongwa zvidzore data rakadzimwa kuti rioneke, kuti mamwe mabhugi abatwe, nezvimwe.
Zvisinei, ndinonzwisisa kuti mushure memakore makumi matatu inguva yekuita chimwe chinhu, nokuti zvakakosha kuverenga nzvimbo pa diski, yakawanda sei inotorwa nemabhuku ekero ega, nezvimwewo. kunonoka nhasi.
Chinyorwa chikuru
Super chinyorwa, ndiri kuda kuziva kuti shanduko kune iripo MacOS HFS + -> kuisirwa APFS kuchaitika
Chinyorwa chakanaka! Ndatenda!