Ondrej Holzman Mhosva yepakutanga yakamhan'arwa muna 2005, asi ikozvino ndiyo nyaya yese, apo Apple inopomerwa kutyora mitemo yeantitrust nekuda kwezvirambidzo pakushandiswa kwemimhanzi yakatengwa kubva kuTunes Store, kuuya kudare. Imwe nyaya yakakosha inotanga neChipiri muOakland, uye rimwe rematanho makuru richaitwa nemushakabvu Steve Jobs.
Isu tatova mune zvakadzama nezve nyaya iyo Apple ichatarisana ne350 miriyoni mhosva vakazivisa. Mhosva yekirasi-chiito inosanganisira maiPod ekare aingokwanisa kuridza nziyo dzinotengeswa muTunes Store kana kutorwa kubva kumaCD akatengwa, kwete mimhanzi kubva muzvitoro zvinokwikwidza. Izvi, sekureva kwevachuchisi veApple, kwaive kutyora mutemo weantitrust nekuti yakavharira vashandisi muhurongwa hwayo, avo vaigona, semuenzaniso, kutenga vamwe, vatambi vakachipa.
Kunyangwe Apple yakasiya inonzi DRM (digital rights management) system kare kare uye zvino mimhanzi iri muTunes Store yakavhurirwa munhu wese, Apple yakazotadza kudzivirira kutongwa kweanoda kusvika makore gumi kubva kuna Thomas Slattery kuenda dare. Nyaya yacho yakakura zvishoma nezvishoma uye yava kukwidzwa nyaya dzakawanda uye ine magwaro anopfuura 900 akaendeswa kudare nemativi ose emakakatanwa.
Magweta evamhan’ari zvino anovimbisa kukakavadzana pamberi pedare zvakaitwa naSteve Jobs, kureva mae-mail ake, aakatumira kune vaaishanda navo panguva yaakange ari CEO, uye izvo zvino zvinogona kukanganisa kambani yeCalifornia. Zvechokwadi haisi nguva yekutanga, nyaya iripo yatove yechitatu yakakosha nyaya yekusavimbika umo Apple inobatanidzwa, uye Steve Jobs akaita basa mune imwe neimwe yadzo, kunyangwe mushure mekufa kwake, kana kuti kutaura kwake kwakadhindwa.
Maemail uye dhizaini yakanyorwa neMabasa inoratidza iyo kambani co-muvambi sekuronga kuparadza chigadzirwa chinokwikwidza kuchengetedza Apple yedhijitari mimhanzi zano. "Ticharatidza humbowo hwekuti Apple yakaita kumisa makwikwi uye nekuda kwemakwikwi akakuvadzwa uye kukuvadza vatengi," akaudza pro NYT Bonny Sweeney, Mutevedzeri Wemutungamiri weMupomeri.
Humwe humbowo hwakatoburitswa, semuenzaniso mune email ya2003 Steve Jobs akataura kushushikana nezveMusicmatch kuvhura chitoro chayo chemimhanzi. “Tinofanirwa kuona kuti kana Music Match yavaparura chitoro chavo chemimhanzi, mhanzi yakadhaunirodwa haicharidzi paiPod. Ringava dambudziko here?" Mabasa akanyorera vaaishanda navo. Humwe humbowo hunotarisirwa kuburitswa panguva yekutongwa izvo zvinokonzeresa matambudziko kuApple.
Vakuru vepamusoro veApple vachapupurawo pakutongwa, kusanganisira Phil Schiller, mukuru wezvekushambadzira, naEddy Cue, anomhanyisa iTunes nemamwe masevhisi epamhepo. Magweta eApple anotarisirwa kupokana kuti akasiyana iTunes anogadziridza nekufamba kwenguva akanyanya kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zveApple pane kukuvadza nemaune vakwikwidzi nevatengi.
Mhosva iyi inotanga muna Zvita 2 muOakland, uye vamhan'ari vari kukumbira Apple kubhadhara vashandisi vakatenga pakati paZvita 12, 2006 naKurume 31, 2009. iPod classic, iPod shuffle, iPod touch kana iPod nano, 350 mamiriyoni emadhora. Mutongi wedunhu Yvonne Rogers ndiye ari kutungamira nyaya iyi.
Mamwe maviri akataurwa nyaya dzekusavimbika umo Apple yakabatanidzwa mushure mekufa kwaJobs yaisanganisira makambani matanhatu eSilicon Valley anonzi akabatana kuderedza mihoro nekusahaya mumwe nemumwe. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakare, kutaurirana kwakawanda kubva kuna Steve Jobs kwakabuda kunongedza maitiro akadaro, uye zvaive zvisina kusiyana munyaya ye kugadzirisa mutengo we e-books. Nepo nyaya yekupedzisira yatove pachena achiswedera kusvika pakuguma kwayo, nyaya yemakambani matanhatu uye kusagamuchirwa kwevashandi pamwe chete ichaenda kumatare muna Ndira.
DRM yaidiwa nevabudisi uye zvinopenga kutarisira kuti Apple ichaisa mari mukutsigira zvitoro zvemimhanzi zvinokwikwidza kana rezinesi FairPlay uye kutambura nemhedzisiro yekuitwa zvisina musoro kune vamwe vatambi ve mp3 ... mufambiro, uye vakatanga kuchema apo Apple akaitora kubva kwavari. Nyaya yeDaring Fireball (http://df4.us/21z) inotsanangura zvinonwisa mvura zvakakonzerwa nevabudisi nekusimbirira pa DRM
Steve akatora DRM sechinhu chakashata chavakaswedera kuti vasvike kumabhuku, ona Pfungwa pa DRM + yekutanga kiyi yechitoro cheMumhanzi (yakanaka karma). Ose maviri iPod ne iTunes akavakwa sebindu risingadzivisike rakakomberedzwa, kubva pakutanga kwaive nesarudzo dzekupisa nziyo kumaCD nekudziridza kunze kweApple ecosystem, uye zvimwe chete zvinogona kuitwa nezvinhu zvakatengwa paRhapsody store... Ini ndinofuratira kurasikirwa kwemhando ikozvino, inyaya yemusimboti.
Vatengi vese vakatenga iPod panguva iyoyo vanogona here kuwana muripo kubva kudare rino?
Kune vatengi veUS chete.
Asi ndiko kusarura, zvingava zvakanaka kumhan'ara kuBrussels
Pane mhosva uye kukakavadzana, ini ndinogona kunzwisisa chete munyaya iyi kukara kwemupomeri wekutora kutora kubva muapuro huru.