Vratislav Holub Kuuya kweApple Silicon kwakaunza nguva itsva yemakomputa eApple. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti isu takawana zvakanyanya kuita uye kudzikisa simba rekushandisa, izvo zvakafema hupenyu hutsva muMacs uye zvakanyanya kuwedzera mukurumbira wavo. Sezvo machipisi matsva achinyanya hupfumi achienzaniswa nema processors kubva kuIntel, haatombotambudzi nematambudziko akakurumbira nekupisa uye anogara achichengeta "musoro unotonhorera".
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Mushure mekuchinja kuMac nyowani ine Apple Silicon chip, vashandisi vazhinji veApple vakashamisika kuona kuti aya mamodheru haatombopisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Humbowo hwakajeka, semuenzaniso, iyo MacBook Air. Iyo ine hupfumi zvekuti inogona kuita zvachose pasina kutonhora kunoshanda muchimiro chefani, izvo zvingadai zvisina kuitika munguva yakapfuura. Pasinei neizvi, Mhepo inogona kurarama nyore nyore, semuenzaniso, kutamba. Mushure mezvose, isu tinojekesa pane izvi mune yedu chinyorwa nezve kutamba paMacBook Air, patakaedza mazita akawanda.
Nei Apple Silicon Isingawedzere
Asi ngatiendererei kune chinonyanya kukosha, kana nei Macs ine Apple Silicon chip isingadzise zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinotamba zvichifarira machipisi matsva, ayo anozobatsirawo kune ichi chikuru chimiro. Pakutanga, zvakakodzera kutaura zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvaka. Apple Silicon machipisi akavakirwa pane iyo ARM architecture, iyo yakajairika kushandiswa mukati, semuenzaniso, nharembozha. Aya mamodheru ane hupfumi zvakanyanya uye anogona kuita nyore pasina kutonhora kunoshanda pasina kurasikirwa nekuita chero nzira. Kushandiswa kweiyo 5nm yekugadzira maitiro kunoitawo basa rakakosha. Muchidimbu, iyo diki nzira yekugadzira, iyo inonyanya kushanda uye ine hupfumi iyo chip iri. Semuenzaniso, iyo nhanhatu-musimboti Intel Core i5 ine frequency ye3,0 GHz (ine Turbo Boost inosvika 4,1 GHz), iyo inorova muMac mini inotengeswa parizvino ine Intel CPU, yakavakirwa pane 14nm yekugadzira maitiro.
MacBook Air ine M2 (2022)
Nekudaro, iyo yakakosha parameter ndeye kushandisa simba. Pano, kuwirirana kwakananga kunoshanda - iyo yakakura kushandiswa kwesimba, iyo inowanzoita kuti iwedzere kupisa. Mushure mezvose, izvi ndizvo chaizvo nei Apple ichibhejera pakukamurwa kwemacores mune ehupfumi uye ane simba mune ayo machipisi. Kuenzanisa, tinogona kutora Apple M1 chipset. Inopa 4 macores ane simba ane huwandu hwekushandisa kwe13,8 W uye 4 ehupfumi cores ine huwandu hwekushandisa chete 1,3 W. Ndiyo iyi misiyano inokosha inoita basa guru. Sezvo panguva yebasa rakajairika rehofisi (kubhurawuza paInternet, kunyora mae-mail, nezvimwewo) mudziyo haudyi chero chinhu, zvine musoro hauna nzira yekupisa. Pane zvinopesana, chizvarwa chekare cheMacBook Air chaizoshandisa 10 W mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro (pamutoro wakaderera).
Optimalization
Kunyangwe zvigadzirwa zveApple zvingasataridzika zvakanyanya pabepa, zvinongopa kuita kunofema uye kuita zvakanyanya kana zvishoma pasina matambudziko. Asi kiyi kune iyi haisi Hardware chete, asi yayo yakanaka optimization mukubatana nesoftware. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo Apple yanga ichimisa maPhones ayo kwemakore, uye iko zvino yave kuendesa iyo imwe bhenefiti kunyika yemakomputa eApple, ayo, pamwe chete nemachipsets ayo, ari padanho idzva. Kugadziridza sisitimu yekushandisa nehardware pachayo inobereka michero. Nekuda kweizvi, maapplication acho akanyanya kupfava uye haadi simba rakadaro, izvo zvinongodzikisira mhedzisiro yavo pakushandisa uye inotevera kupisa chizvarwa.
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Zvinosekesa chaizvo kuenzanisa "zana ramakore" i5 pa14nm neazvino SoCs pa5/4nm. Iyo "apple silicon" yekuvaka yega zvirokwazvo yaisazove neyakawanda kuita (kunyangwe seyazvino i5). Apple kubheja pane akasarudzika accelerators (coprocessors). Iyo yakataurwa optimization yeOS pane yavo SoC saka inounza "inofema" kuita. Asi - kana iwe wakashandisa application iyo "apple silicon" isina coprocessor, kuita kunodzika uye kunenge kusingazove padanho reinononoka i3. Kune rimwe divi, i5 yambotaurwa inoita "zvakaenzana zvisina kunaka" mumarudzi ese emabasa (kwete kuverenga ayo anosiririsa magirafu). Ehe, handisi kuti "apple silicon" SoCs yakaipa, ndiri kungotsanangura mutsauko. x86 yanga ichingodhonza kuenderana kubva 1976 (!), saka software kubva panguva iyoyo inokwanisa kumhanya pane yanhasi x86 CPUs/SoCs. Nderipi rimwe rematambudziko e "kunonoka" kwex86 zvichienzaniswa ne "apple-optimized" aarch64 architecture…
Zvakanaka, Intel ine mhosva pane izvo, nekuti inoramba ichiburitsa ma processors ane 14nm processors. Kana iwe uchienzanisa maitiro ega ega ega ega processor, haugone kana kuona yakakosha yegore-pa-gore shanduko! Intel yakazorora pamararamiro edu zvishoma uye ikozvino ivo vari kuzvibhadharira.
*ine 14nm kugadzira maitiro