Amaya Toman Kunyangwe nhoroondo yemamwe makambani nemasangano iri pfupi, inonyanya kukosha. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitikawo naNapster - kambani yeInternet pasi pemapapiro ayo ane gakava revezera-kune-vezera rezita rakazvarwa. Vakanga vakaita sei? kutanga kweNapster?
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Za kubuda Napster services yakamira Shaw Fanning a Sean Parker. Napster, iyo yakatanga kuita kwayo mukati 1999, handiyo yega yekugovera sevhisi paInternet panguva iyoyo. Kuenzaniswa ne "vakwikwidzi" vayo panguva iyoyo, zvisinei, yakamira kunze nekunakidza kwayo uye mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika interface uye yakasarudzika kutarisa pamafaira emimhanzi mu. mp3 format. Pakutanga, varidzi vePC chete vane sisitimu yekushandisa vanogona kunakidzwa neNapster Windows, muna 2000 kambani yakauya Black Hole Media nemutengi anonzi Macster, iyo yakazotengwa naNapster uye yakashandurwa kuita mutengi weNapster weMacs. Akaribvisa zita rayo rekutanga ndokurigovera pasi pezita racho Napster yeMac.
Zvakanga zvisiri zvechienzi kuti ambobuda paNapster nguva nenguva rwiyo kana yose arubhamu kunyange isati yasunungurwa. Vaturikiri vakati wandei vakaratidza kushushikana kuti sarudzo yemahara yekudhawunirodha yaisazokanganiswa sales zvinyorwa zvavo. Muchirevo chechinyorwa ichi, nyaya yebhandi inonakidza Radiohead - mateki kubva kune yake iri kuuya albhamu Mwana A yakaonekwa paNapster mwedzi mitatu yapfuura kusunungurwa kwepamutemo. Bhendi rakanga risati rambotsemura US Top 20 kusvika ipapo. Album yaKid A yakatorwa mahara naEst mamiriyoni evanhu munyika yose, uye hapana akafanotaura kubudirira kukuru kwaari. Muna Gumiguru wegore 2000 asi album yakaiswa pachikamu chekutanga chechati Billboard 200 maarubhamu anotengeswa zvakanyanya, uye maererano nevamwe akabudirira izvi pesvedzero chaizvo mukana we "kuravira" nziyo kuburikidza neNapster.
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Mumazuva ayo, Napster yakazvikudza 80 miriyoni vashandisi vakanyoreswa. Kwavari, sevhisi yakave pamusoro pese nzvimbo huru kwavaigona kuwana marekodhi echinyakare kana asingawanzo, kana kurekodha kubva kumitambo yekurarama. Sezvo Napster yakakura mukuzivikanwa pakati pevashandisi, ndizvo zvakaitawo matambudziko. Munzvimbo zhinji dzekugara dzekoreji, Napster yakavharwa nekuti yakawandisa network yavo. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvisinei, zvipingamupinyi zvepamutemo zvakamuka zvine chokuita neNapster.
Muna Kubvumbi wegore 2000 boka racho rakabuda nesimba richirwisa Napster Metallica. Zvakafanana neRadiohead yambotaurwa, mimhanzi yake yakaonekwa paNapster isati yaburitswa zviri pamutemo. "Napster akatora mimhanzi yedu asina kubvunza," akadaro mutambi wengoma Lars Ulrich pamberi peCongress muna Chikunguru wegore 2000. “Havana kumbotikumbira mvumo. Muchidimbu, bhuku redu remimhanzi rave kuwanikwa rekurodha mahara paNapster ”. Akataurawo achipokana naNapster Rekodha makambani Association of america nevamwe vakawanda. Pfungwa yekuti mimhanzi iwanikwe kune vese yaiita seyakajeka kune vanhu vazhinji, mutemo asi akataura pachena uye Napster akarasikirwa nemhosva.
Napster akapedza kugoverwa kwemimhanzi yemahara muna Chikunguru wegore 2001. Vaiti uye varidzi vekodzero vakabhadharwa nevashandisi vebasa makumi emamiriyoni emadhora, uye vakashandura sevhisi yavo kuita chikuva chemwedzi nemwedzi chekuzvinyoresa. Nekudaro, Napster muchimiro chayo chitsva haina kusangana nekubudirira kwakawanda, uye mukati 2002 akadaro kubhuroka. MunaSeptember wegore 2008 Napster yakatengwa neimwe kambani yekuAmerica Best Buy, makore mashomanana gare gare kambani yakamutora pasi pemapapiro ayo Rhapsody.
Kunyangwe Napster isina kuenda munzira yakanaka kwazvo, yakavhura nzira yemangwana ekufambisa masevhisi uye yakabatsira zvakanyanya kune chimiro chitsva cheindasitiri yemimhanzi.
Zviwanikwa: PCWorld, CNN, Rolling Stone, vava kuda,
