Vratislav Holub Nyika yetekinoroji parizvino yakatarisana nedambudziko rakakura nenzira yekushomeka kwemachipisi. Mukuwedzera, dambudziko iri rakakura zvokuti rinokanganisawo indasitiri yemotokari, nekuda kwekuti makambani emotokari haakwanisi kugadzira motokari dzakakwana. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe iyo yekumba Škoda ine zviuru zvemotokari munzvimbo dzekupaka idzo dzichiri kumirira kupedzwa kwavo - vanoshaya machipisi ekutanga. Nekudaro, mushure mekuunzwa kweyazvino iPhone 13, mubvunzo unonakidza unomuka. Zvinogoneka sei kuti mafoni matsva eapuro anowanzo tengeswa kusvika pazvinobvira, iwe uchimirira gore kune mota nyowani?
Iyo itsva iPhone 13 (Pro) inofambiswa neiyo ine simba Apple A15 Bionic chip:
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Denda uye kukoshesa zvemagetsi
Kana iwe uri mumwe wevaverengi vedu venguva dzose, zvirokwazvo hauna kupotsa nyaya inopembedza dambudziko riripo iye zvino. Matambudziko makuru akatanga pamwe nekuuya kweiyo covid-19 denda, chero zvakadaro, pakanga paine zvimwe zvinonetsa muchikamu chekugadzira chip (kana semiconductor) kare izvo zvisati zvaitika. Kunyangwe denda risati ratanga, vezvenhau vakaratidza kushomeka kwavo.
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Asi covid-19 ine mhedzisiro yei pakushaikwa kwemachipisi? Nechiono chekudzikisa njodzi yekutapukirwa, makambani akatamira kune inonzi hofisi yekumba uye vadzidzi kuti vadzidze kure. Chikamu chikuru chevashandi nevadzidzi saka chaishanda chakananga kubva kudzimba dzavo, izvo zvinonzwisisika kuti vaida michina yemhando yepamusoro. Saka hazvishamise kuti kudiwa kwemakomputa, mahwendefa, webcams uye mamwe emagetsi evatengi akawedzera panguva iyoyo.
Matambudziko muindasitiri yemotokari
Pakutanga kwedenda, munhu wese aifanira kungwarira zvakanyanya kana zvasvika pamari. Mamwe makambani akange agumura vashandi vawo uye zvanga zvisina kunyatsojeka kuti munhu ari kutaurwa uyu aizoguma asisina basa here. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei kudonha kwekudiwa pamusika wemotokari kwaitarisirwa, uko vagadziri ve chip vakaita ndokutanga kutungamira kugadzirwa kwavo kumagetsi evatengi, ayo ainyanya kudiwa. Izvi chaizvo zvinogona kupindura mubvunzo wekuti sei yazvino runhare rweapuro rwave kuwanikwa, kunyangwe mushanduro ina, iwe uchiri kumirira mamwe emota mota.
Kuti zvinhu zvitonyanya kuipa, pane rimwe dambudziko rakakura. Nepo denda richiita serinokonzeresa mamiriro ezvinhu ese aya, richiri kure nekupera panyaya yezvinodiwa zvakaderera zvinotarisirwa. Vagadziri vemota vari kupera machipisi akajairwa pasina izvo zvavasingakwanise kupedzisa mota dzavo. Aya ndiwo semiconductors pachidimbu chemutengo wemota yese. Nekudaro, zvine musoro, pasina ivo, iyo yakapihwa modhi haigone kutengeswa seyakakwana. Kazhinji, aya machipisi echinyakare anotonga mashandiro emabhureki, maairbags kana kungovhura/kuvhara mahwindo.
Intel inochengetedza musika wemotokari! Kana kuti kwete zvakare?
Pat Gelsinger, anove CEO weIntel, akaenda kumberi semuponesi anozviti muponesi. Mukushanya kwake kuGermany, akataura kuti aizopa Volkswagen Group nemachipisi akawanda sezvavaida. Dambudziko, zvisinei, nderekuti aireva machipisi zvichienderana ne16nm yekugadzira maitiro. Kunyangwe kukosha uku kungaite sekwechinyakare kune vateveri veApple, sezvo yambotaurwa iPhone 13 inofambiswa neA15 Bionic chip ine 5nm yekugadzira maitiro, zvakapesana ichokwadi. Kunyange nanhasi, makambani emotokari anovimba nemachipisi akakura ane maitiro ekugadzira pakati pe45 nm ne90 nm, chinova chigumbuso chaicho.
Chokwadi ichi chinewo chikonzero chiri nyore. Masisitimu emagetsi mumotokari anowanzo kutsoropodza uye anofanirwa kushanda mumamiriro akasiyana siyana. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo chikonzero nei vagadziri vachiri kuvimba nekare, asi makore-akaratidza tekinoroji, iyo isiri dambudziko kushanda zvakachengeteka pasinei nekupisa kwemazuva ano, humidity, vibrations kana kusaenzana mumugwagwa. Nekudaro, vanogadzira chip havakwanise kugadzira machipisi akafanana pamwero mukuru, sezvo vagara vatamira kune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana zvachose uye vasina kana simba rekugadzira chimwe chinhu chakafanana. Zvingave zvakanakira indasitiri yemotokari kana hofori idzi dzetekinoroji dzakaisa mari mune dzakataurwa uye dzakatanga kugadzira machipisi ekare zvakare.
Wadii kuvaka mafekitori pamachipisi ekare?
Nehurombo, izvi hazvina musoro kune vanogadzira semiconductor ivo pachavo, kune avo iyi ingave ine mafuta ekudyara, kubva kwavaizodzokera zvakare mushure mechinguva, sezvo indasitiri yemotokari iri kuenderera mberi, kunyangwe zvishoma nezvishoma. Mukuwedzera, imwe nhengo yebhodhi revatungamiri veVolkswagen Group yakataura kuti nekuda kwe50-cent chips (CZK 11), havagoni kutengesa motokari dzinokosha zviuru makumi mashanu zvemadhora (CZK 50 mamiriyoni). Makambani anotungamira anochengetedza semiconductor kugadzirwa, akadai seTSMC, Intel, uye Qualcomm, vakaisa mabhiriyoni emadhora mumakore achangopfuura kuvandudza matekinoroji avo uye vafambira mberi nekumhanya kweroketi. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei tine mafoni ane simba uye makomputa nhasi. Nekudaro, shanduko iyi inokanganisa indasitiri yemotokari, iyo pachinzvimbo che "zvisina maturo" machipisi ayo anoda kune zvigadzirwa zvayo, inongokwanisa kuwana mamwe emazuva ano.
Zvinogona kudaro kufarira iwe
Adam Kos Saka nekuwedzeredza, iwe unogona kutaura kuti automaker vanoda chip ye iPhone 2G, asi ivo vanogona chete kuwana izvo zvinopa simba iyo iPhone 13 Pro. Zvikamu zvese zviri zviviri zvinofanirwa kutsvaga mutauro wakafanana, kana makambani emotokari anotanga kudzivirira kugadzirwa kwechip ivo pachavo. Kuti mamiriro acho ezvinhu acharamba achikura sei hazvina kujeka. Chinhu chimwe chete chine chokwadi ndechekuti zvinotora makore akati wandei kuti udzokere kune zvakajairika.
Nehurombo, ndine ruzivo rwakasiyana zvachose kubva kuSkoda neVW chips, kwete nyowani kana yekare.... Mubvunzo ndewokuti sei? Zviri nani kurega mutengi achimirira uye kutaurirana mutengo.
Iwe unokwanisa kuwana zvakananga kune dzidziso dzekurangana, makorokoto. Bhizinesi harishande nekuchengeta pazvimedu zvishoma, kukwidza mutengo uye kutyora kugadzirwa.
Iwo ma automaker pachavo ndivo vane mhosva pane izvi. Ini ndinonzwisisa kuti kwaive kushoma kudiwa kwemota kwekanguva, asi handinzwisise kuti havana munhu ipapo anogona kutarisa zvishoma mune ramangwana uye kuvaudza kuti kana ukanzura maodha iwayo, mumwe munhu anosvetuka. ivo uye ipapo ivo vanozongofanira kumirira kana kunyange mune yakaipisisa kesi, ivo havachatosvika kwavari zvakare, nekuti mikana yacho haiperi.
Pane chero munhu anobva kuApple Store yemuno anorangarira mazuva ekutanga eiyo iPhone? Ndino. Uye pakanga pasina iPhone 2G, iPhone chete. Apple haina kumbozvitumidza kuti iPhone 2G. Iyo iPhone 3G yakanga ine zita rakafanana.
Ari right, Chairman. Pakanga pasina iPhone 2G.
Kana ndikaitora, ndine chip mu iPhone inogadzirwa ne5nm supermodern process, asi dai isiri yeTSMC, Apple pachayo yaisatomboita fart. Intel inoshandisa iyo 16nm maitiro asi ine mukana wekuti inogadzira uye inogadzira iyo chip pachayo.
Pane mumwe wenyu vatsoropodzi anogona here kubatsira makambani emotokari pasirese kugadzira patsva software yavo, mabhodhi avo uye zvese zvakabatana zvinhu zvavanoshandisa mumotokari kune ma processor matsva. Kune matsva, asina kuedzwa processors. Wobva watenga mota isina kuruma. Uye wobva wafunga imwezve chokwadi. Sei maATM ese ane ma processor ekare uye achishandisa windows ce sesoftware? Nei zvichida? Sei zvichinyanya kubatsira kurova mumwe munhu nepamusoro pemusoro pane kumubvisa nenuke?
Iwe unogona zvakare kuve neyakaedzwa processor 😂😂😂
Inoshamisa trepanice uye tliachanice yakakodzera madoro gumi. Zvese, ini handina ruzivo rwekuti machipi mota kana maATM anoshandisa. Asi kunyangwe neaya maATM, ndingambokahadzika kuti ine chekuita nenm tekinoroji. Asi nekuda kwekugadzirwa uye tekinoroji yemachipi, zvinosuruvarisa Windows XP, yandinofunga kuti unoshandisa, kana Android haigone kushanda pamhando dzese dze processor. Kana iwe uchiziva kuti sei, zvakanaka, kana zvisiri, dambudziko rako ... Saka kana ndikakwanisa kugadzira hurongwa hutsva hwemazuva ano hunoshanda nguva dzose, ingave mumitsetse yekugadzira kana teknolojia yezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri, shanda de facto isina kumira. 10nm tekinoroji haisi chipingamupinyi chekushandisa mumotokari, uye zvikonzero zvakaita sekuti "hadzina kuedzwa" ndezvechokwadi, asi vagadziri vemotokari ndivo vane mhosva, musandiudze kuti bhatiri rekupisa kwemafuta, kana kutonga kwemagetsi injini, kana kufambisa, kana traffic sign recognition brands inogadziriswa ne processor saizi yesutukesi?! Uye kana mota yakamira munguva yechando kana inodziya mamiriro ekunze, processor ichiri kushanda mukupisa kwe -16 +20 kanenge.